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A quorum of 6,000 was required for ostracism under the Athenian democracy, according to Plutarch; a similar quorum was necessary in the following century for grants of citizenship. [1] A quorum is the minimum number of members of a group necessary to constitute the group at a meeting. [2]
For practical purposes, a quorum call is a delaying measure that permits the Senate leadership to work out some difficulty or to await a Senator's arrival. [1] [2] Because of differences in procedure between the two bodies, quorum calls in the House are fairly rare, but they are quite common in the Senate.
An agenda lists the items of business to be taken up during a meeting or session. [3] It may also be called a "calendar". [4] A meeting agenda may be headed with the date, time and location of the meeting, followed by a series of points outlining the order in which the business is to be conducted.
A session is a meeting or series of connected meetings devoted to a single order of business, program, agenda, or announced purpose. [2] [3] An organization's bylaws may define a specific meaning of the term "session."
A meeting refers to a gathering with a specific agenda and not just mere gathering of people casually talking to each other. [1] Meetings may occur face-to-face or virtually, as mediated by communications technology, such as a telephone conference call, a skyped conference call or a videoconference. One Merriam-Webster dictionary defines a ...
Under the rules and customs of the Senate, a quorum is always assumed to be present unless a quorum call explicitly demonstrates otherwise. Any senator may request a quorum call by "suggesting the absence of a quorum"; a clerk then calls the roll of the Senate and notes which members are present. In practice, senators almost always request ...
Some organisations have standing committees that conduct the organisation's business between congresses, conferences, or other meetings. Such committees may themselves have quorum requirements and plenary sessions. So, Standing Committees of the Northern Ireland Assembly must have a quorum of five members in order for the committee to proceed. [5]
A committee of the whole is a meeting of a legislative or deliberative assembly using procedural rules that are based on those of a committee, except that in this case the committee includes all members of the assembly. As with other (standing) committees, the activities of a committee of the whole are limited to considering and making ...