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Neutrophil oxidative burst test (or chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) test) is a measure of neutrophil oxidation and is a useful assay in the diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease and is also a useful means to determine the overall metabolic integrity of phagocytosing neutrophils. The NADPH oxidase enzyme is missing in CGD. From total ...
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a peroxidase enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MPO gene on chromosome 17. [5] MPO is most abundantly expressed in neutrophils (a subtype of white blood cells), and produces hypohalous acids to carry out their antimicrobial activity, including hypochlorous acid, the sodium salt of which is the chemical in bleach.
Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), also known as Bridges–Good syndrome, chronic granulomatous disorder, and Quie syndrome, [1] is a diverse group of hereditary diseases in which certain cells of the immune system have difficulty forming the reactive oxygen compounds (most importantly the superoxide radical due to defective phagocyte NADPH oxidase) used to kill certain ingested pathogens. [2]
NADPH oxidase (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase) is a membrane-bound enzyme complex that faces the extracellular space. It can be found in the plasma membrane as well as in the membranes of phagosomes used by neutrophil white blood cells to engulf microorganisms.
A white blood cell differential is a medical laboratory test that provides information about the types and amounts of white blood cells in a person's blood. The test, which is usually ordered as part of a complete blood count (CBC), measures the amounts of the five normal white blood cell types – neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils – as well as abnormal cell ...
The innate immune system responds quickly to infection, with neutrophils (a type of white blood cells) being the first responders. [1] [2] Neutrophils enter the site of infection and begin to phagocytose (take up) pathogens. [1] [2] [4] Once engulfed, the neutrophils must then degrade the captured pathogens–a process known as intracellular ...
Myeloid cells, including macrophages and neutrophils, are especially implicated in the respiratory burst. [1] They are phagocytic, and the respiratory burst is vital for the subsequent degradation of internalised bacteria or other pathogens. This is an important aspect of the innate immunity.
Meaning Nφ: Neutrophil: Na: sodium (from Latin natrium) NA: negative appendectomy NAAT: Nucleic Acid Amplification Test: NABS: normoactive bowel sounds NAC: n-acetyl cysteine NaCl sodium chloride (saline) NAD: no abnormality detected no apparent distress no appreciable disease (and many variations of the above) NAD + nicotinamide adenine ...