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A femoral nerve block is a nerve block that uses local anesthetic to achieve analgesia in the leg.The block works by affecting the femoral nerve.. A femoral nerve block (FNB) results in anesthesia of the skin and muscles of the anterior thigh and most of the femur and knee joint, as well as the skin on the medial aspect of the leg below the knee joint.
The clinically important structures surrounding the orbit include the optic nerve at the apex of the orbit as well as the superior orbital fissure which contains cranial nerves 3, 4, and 6 therefore controlling ocular muscles of eye movement. [15] Inferior to the orbit is the infraorbital nerve which is purely sensory.
Nerve block or regional nerve blockade is any deliberate interruption of signals traveling along a nerve, often for the purpose of pain relief. Local anesthetic nerve block (sometimes referred to as simply "nerve block") is a short-term block, usually lasting hours or days, involving the injection of an anesthetic, a corticosteroid, and other agents onto or near a nerve.
The infraorbital nerve is a branch of the maxillary nerve (itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)). [1] It arises in the pterygopalatine fossa . It passes through the inferior orbital fissure to enter the orbit. [ 2 ]
Fascia iliaca blocks (FIC, FICB) is a local anesthetic nerve block, a type of regional anesthesia technique, used to provide analgesia or anaesthesia to the hip and thigh. FICB can performed by using ultrasound or with a loss of resistance technique , the latter sometimes referred to as the " two-pop-method ". [ 1 ]
The infraorbital groove (or sulcus) is located in the middle of the posterior part of the orbital surface of the maxilla. Its function is to act as the passage of the infraorbital artery , the infraorbital vein , and the infraorbital nerve .
The bones that make up the knee are the femur, patella, tibia, and fibula. In the posterolateral corner, the bony landmarks of the tibia, fibula and femur serve as the attachment sites of the ligaments and tendons that stabilize this portion of the knee. The patella plays no significant role in the posterolateral corner.
In most cases, there is loss of sensation in the cheek and upper lip due to infraorbital nerve injury. Facial bruising, periorbital ecchymosis, soft tissue gas, swelling, trismus , altered mastication , diplopia , and ophthalmoplegia are other indirect features of the injury. [ 1 ]