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The shape of a distribution will fall somewhere in a continuum where a flat distribution might be considered central and where types of departure from this include: mounded (or unimodal), U-shaped, J-shaped, reverse-J shaped and multi-modal. [1] A bimodal distribution would have two high points rather than one. The shape of a distribution is ...
In statistics, dispersion (also called variability, scatter, or spread) is the extent to which a distribution is stretched or squeezed. [1] Common examples of measures of statistical dispersion are the variance, standard deviation, and interquartile range. For instance, when the variance of data in a set is large, the data is widely scattered.
In probability theory and statistics, a shape parameter (also known as form parameter) [1] is a kind of numerical parameter of a parametric family of probability distributions [2] that is neither a location parameter nor a scale parameter (nor a function of these, such as a rate parameter).
The concept of the probability distribution and the random variables which they describe underlies the mathematical discipline of probability theory, and the science of statistics. There is spread or variability in almost any value that can be measured in a population (e.g. height of people, durability of a metal, sales growth, traffic flow ...
The data shown is a random sample of 10,000 points from a normal distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1. The data used to construct a histogram are generated via a function m i that counts the number of observations that fall into each of the disjoint categories (known as bins).
The log-metalog distribution, which is highly shape-flexile, has simple closed forms, can be parameterized with data using linear least squares, and subsumes the log-logistic distribution as a special case. The log-normal distribution, describing variables which can be modelled as the product of many small independent positive variables.
Because the whiskers must end at an observed data point, the whisker lengths can look unequal, even though 1.5 IQR is the same for both sides. All other observed data points outside the boundary of the whiskers are plotted as outliers. [10] The outliers can be plotted on the box-plot as a dot, a small circle, a star, etc. (see example below).
Statistical graphics have been central to the development of science and date to the earliest attempts to analyse data. Many familiar forms, including bivariate plots, statistical maps, bar charts, and coordinate paper were used in the 18th century.