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On the night of 9/10 March 1945, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) conducted a devastating firebombing raid on Tokyo, the Japanese capital city.This attack was code-named Operation Meetinghouse by the USAAF and is known as the Tokyo Great Air Raid (東京大空襲, Tōkyō dai-kūshū) in Japan. [1]
The raids that were conducted by the U.S. military on the night of 9–10 March 1945, codenamed Operation Meetinghouse, are the single most destructive bombing raid in human history. [1] 16 square miles (41 km 2; 10,000 acres) of central Tokyo was destroyed, leaving an estimated 100,000 civilians dead and over one million homeless. [1]
A B-29 over Osaka on 1 June 1945. By the end of these raids just over half (50.8 percent) of Tokyo had been destroyed and the city was removed from XXI Bomber Command's target list. [137] The Command's last major raid of May was a daylight incendiary attack on Yokohama on 29 May conducted by 517 B-29s escorted by 101 P-51s.
Official historian of the Doolittle raid, Carroll V. Glines talks about the raid Archived 10 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine; The short film Newsreel of the Doolittle Raid is available for free viewing and download at the Internet Archive. Unsettled History: America, China, and the Doolittle Tokyo Raid – PBS documentary video (57 min.)
Bombing of Tokyo (10 March 1945) inception. March 1945. media type. image/jpeg. File history. Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. Date/Time
All schools and universities in Tokyo were closed and everyone over the age of six was ordered to do war work. [ 18 ] German submarine U-866 was depth charged and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean by American destroyer escorts.
Operation Meetinghouse raid on Tokyo (9-10 March 1945): 100,000 Japanese were killed, mostly civilians, including in the conflagration that followed the firebombing. Bombing of Kure (24-28 July 1945): Most of the surviving large Japanese warships were lost, leaving the Nagato as the only remaining capital ship in Japan's inventory.
March 10 - Major bombing of Tokyo; March 12 - First bombing of Nagoya. March 13 - First bombing of Osaka. March 26 - U.S. forces win the Battle of Iwo Jima, defeating the last remaining troops led by Tadamichi Kuribayashi. April 7 - The Japanese battleship Yamato is sunk. April 7 - Koiso Cabinet resigns and Kantarō Suzuki forms his cabinet.