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The drawbacks to airless tires depend on the use. Heavy equipment operators who use machinery with solid tires may become fatigued. Any airless tire will be heavier than the rubber tire it is meant to replace. However, airless tires are not popular with hardcore off-roaders, as those vehicles often need to travel long distances at highway speeds.
Early rubber tires were solid (not pneumatic). Pneumatic tires are used on many vehicles, including cars, bicycles, motorcycles, buses, trucks, heavy equipment, and aircraft. Metal tires are used on locomotives and railcars, and solid rubber (or other polymers) tires are also used in various non-automotive applications, such as casters, carts ...
Colorized tire footprint pressure distribution. The contact patch is the portion of a vehicle's tire that is in actual contact with the road surface.It is commonly used in the discussion of pneumatic (i.e. pressurized) tires, where the term is used strictly to describe the portion of the tire's tread that touches the road surface.
The usual military replacement for a bar grip tyre today is now a pattern like the Michelin XCL or 'NATO Pattern'. This consists of large solid rubber blocks, of similar size to the bar grip bars. These blocks are arranged in crosswise bars of three blocks, so that there is now good water clearance between blocks, both radially and axially.
This also means significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. A car tire has 40% natural rubber and 60% oil based rubber, a retreading of tires will reduce the need for natural rubber significantly. In addition to reducing the amount of raw materials extracted, retread tires also minimize the amount of waste that ends up in landfills.
Worker placing a tire in a mold before vulcanization. Sulfur vulcanization is a chemical process for converting natural rubber or related polymers into materials of varying hardness, elasticity, and mechanical durability by heating them with sulfur [citation needed] or sulfur-containing compounds. [1]
The use of whitewall rubber for tire has been traced to a small tire company in Chicago called Vogue Tyre and Rubber Co that made them for their horse and chauffeur drawn carriages in 1914. [1] Early automobile tires were made of pure natural rubber with various chemicals mixed into the tread compounds to make them wear better. [2]
Billy Boat siping a sprint car tire. Fine slits are cut into the tire with a narrow blade, not near the size of a groove. [8] Racing tires are siped to increase speed. [8] The increased traction allows better contact to the racing surface for increased braking, acceleration, and turning. [8]