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Hypersomnia can be primary (of central/brain origin), or it can be secondary to any of numerous medical conditions. More than one type of hypersomnia can coexist in a single patient. Even in the presence of a known cause of hypersomnia, the contribution of this cause to the complaint of excessive daytime sleepiness needs to be assessed.
Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a neurological disorder which is characterized primarily by excessive sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). [1] Idiopathic hypersomnia was first described by Bedrich Roth in 1976, and it can be divided into two forms: polysymptomatic and monosymptomatic.
Roger in 1932 coined the term parasomnia and classified hypersomnia, insomnia and parasomnia. [3] Kleitman in 1939 recognized types of parasomnias as nightmares, night terrors , somniloquy (sleep-talking), somnambulism (sleepwalking), grinding of teeth , jactatians, enuresis , delirium , nonepileptic convulsions and personality dissociation. [ 4 ]
According to a 2021 study, obstructive sleep apnea is one of the leading causes of hypersomnia. Sleep apnea is a very common condition, affecting over 900 million adults aged 30 to 69 globally ...
Another underlying sleep disorder, such as narcolepsy, sleep apnea, [8] idiopathic hypersomnia, or restless legs syndrome; Disorders such as clinical depression or atypical depression [medical citation needed] Tumors, head trauma, anemia, kidney failure, hypothyroidism, or an injury to the central nervous system [9] Drug abuse [medical citation ...
Recurrent hypersomnia 780.54 G47.13 - Kleine-Levin Syndrome: 327.13 G47.13 - Menstrual-related hypersomnia 327.13 G47.13 Idiopathic hypersomnia with long sleep time 327.11 G47.11 Idiopathic hypersomnia without long sleep time 327.12 G47.12 Behaviorally induced insufficient sleep syndrome 307.44 F51.12 Hypersomnia due to medical condition 327.14
Somnolence (alternatively sleepiness or drowsiness) is a state of strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods (compare hypersomnia). It has distinct meanings and causes. It has distinct meanings and causes.
Primary hypersomnia: Hypersomnia of central or brain origin Narcolepsy: A chronic neurological disorder (or dyssomnia), which is caused by the brain's inability to control sleep and wakefulness. [94] Idiopathic hypersomnia: A chronic neurological disease similar to narcolepsy, in which there is an increased amount of fatigue and sleep during ...