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Learning disability, learning disorder, or learning difficulty (British English) is a condition in the brain that causes difficulties comprehending or processing information and can be caused by several different factors. Given the "difficulty learning in a typical manner", this does not exclude the ability to learn in a different manner.
Approximately 25–75% of individuals with an ASD also have some degree of learning disability, [50] although the types of learning disability vary depending on the specific strengths and weaknesses of the individual. A 2006 review questioned the common assumption that most children with autism have an intellectual disability. [51]
Learning disability word tile. Language-based learning disabilities (LBLD) are commonly diagnosed in schools, when typical developmental milestones have surpassed without progress. Educational instructors may notice developmental delays in students and chose to evaluate them using the Curriculum-based measurement (CBM). [10]
Most learning disabilities are found under the age of 9. [3] Young children with communication disorders may not speak at all, or may have a limited vocabulary for their age. [4] Some children with communication disorders have difficulty understanding simple directions or cannot name objects. [4]
Learning disabilities are also highly comorbid in people with an ASD. Approximately 25–75% of people with an ASD also have some degree of a learning disability. [274] In particular, attention deficit disorder, which is generally more prevalent than autism (ca. 8% vs. 1%), is not directly related, though it is sometimes comorbid with autism. [275]
The term special needs is a short form of special education needs [12] [13] and is a way to refer to students with disabilities, in which their learning may be altered or delayed compared to other students. [14]