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N-Acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) is an amide derivative of the monosaccharide glucose. It is a secondary amide between glucosamine and acetic acid. It is significant in ...
GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase functions to prepare newly made enzymes for lysosome transportation (lysosomal hydrolases to the lysosome). Lysosomes , a part of an animal cell, helps break down large molecules into smaller ones that can be reused.
Uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine or UDP-GlcNAc is a nucleotide sugar and a coenzyme in metabolism. It is used by glycosyltransferases to transfer N-acetylglucosamine residues to substrates. D-Glucosamine is made naturally in the form of glucosamine-6-phosphate, and is the biochemical precursor of all nitrogen-containing sugars. [1]
N-Acetylgalactosamine is necessary for intercellular communication, and is concentrated in sensory nerve structures of both humans and animals. GalNAc is also used as a targeting ligand in investigational antisense oligonucleotides and siRNA therapies targeted to the liver, where it binds to the asialoglycoprotein receptors on hepatocytes .
Amidohydrolase enzymes can bind one, two, or three metal atoms in the active site. These metals can include Zn 2+, Co 2+, Fe 2+, Cd 2+, and others. [1] EcNagA contains a mononuclear metal-binding site with a Zn 2+ ion; [3] in addition, EcNagA shows a phosphate ion bound at the metal-binding site. [7]
Common sugars added include galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, fucose and sialic acid. These sugars can also be modified by the addition of sulfates or acetyl groups. N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) can be added to the H-antigen to form the A-antigen. Galactose (Gal) can be added to form the B-antigen.
A: Competition between OGT and kinase for the serine or threonine functional group of a protein. B: Adjacent-site occupancy where O-GlcNAc and O-phosphatase occur next to each other and can influence the turnover or function of proteins reciprocally. The G circle represents an N-acetylglucosamine group, and the P circle represents a phosphate ...
Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, and one product, UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine. This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically those racemases and epimerases acting on carbohydrates and derivatives. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerase.