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In mathematical optimization, the Rosenbrock function is a non-convex function, introduced by Howard H. Rosenbrock in 1960, which is used as a performance test problem for optimization algorithms. [1] It is also known as Rosenbrock's valley or Rosenbrock's banana function. The global minimum is inside a long, narrow, parabolic-shaped flat ...
An interpretation of the Rosenbrock System Matrix as a Linear Fractional Transformation can be found in. [4] One of the first applications of the Rosenbrock form was the development of an efficient computational method for Kalman decomposition, which is based on the pivot element method.
The idea of Rosenbrock search is also used to initialize some root-finding routines, such as fzero (based on Brent's method) in Matlab. Rosenbrock search is a form of derivative-free search but may perform better on functions with sharp ridges. [6] The method often identifies such a ridge which, in many applications, leads to a solution. [7]
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...
For mathematical optimization, Multilevel Coordinate Search (MCS) is an efficient [1] algorithm for bound constrained global optimization using function values only. [2] To do so, the n-dimensional search space is represented by a set of non-intersecting hypercubes (boxes). The boxes are then iteratively split along an axis plane according to ...
The corresponding term in biology, to describe the processes by which animals update their estimates of position or heading, is path integration. Advances in navigational aids that give accurate information on position, in particular satellite navigation using the Global Positioning System , have made simple dead reckoning by humans obsolete ...
Also called functionalism. The Darwinian view that many or most physiological and behavioral traits of organisms are adaptations that have evolved for specific functions or for specific reasons (as opposed to being byproducts of the evolution of other traits, consequences of biological constraints, or the result of random variation). adaptive radiation The simultaneous or near-simultaneous ...
This idea was already present in Antiquity (Galen, Aristotle), but the application of the term "system" is more recent. For example, the nervous system was named by Monro (1783), but Rufus of Ephesus (c. 90–120), clearly viewed for the first time the brain, spinal cord, and craniospinal nerves as an anatomical unit, although he wrote little ...