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An oroantral fistula (OAF) is an epithelialized oroantral communication (OAC), which refers to an abnormal connection between the oral cavity and the antrum. [1] The creation of an OAC is most commonly due to the extraction of a maxillary tooth (typically a maxillary first molar) which is closely related to the antral floor.
For example, the Valsalva maneuver (phase II) increases the intensity of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy murmurs, namely those of dynamic subvalvular left ventricular outflow obstruction. This is due to the decreased preload in this phase, worsening the obstruction and thus accentuating the murmur. [ 3 ]
[1] [3] It has a mean volume of about 10 ml. [1] [verification needed] It is situated within the body of the maxilla, [1] [3] [4] but may extend into its zygomatic and alveolar processes when large. It is pyramid-shaped, with the apex at the maxillary zygomatic process, and the base represented by the lateral nasal wall. [4]
X-ray showing a sinus lift in the left upper jaw Sinus lift surgery, 3D Illustration. Maxillary sinus floor augmentation [1] (also known as a sinus lift, sinus graft, sinus augmentation, or sinus procedure) is a surgical procedure that aims to increase the amount of bone in the posterior maxilla, in the area of the premolar and molar teeth by lifting the lower sinus membrane and placing a bone ...
The approach is mainly from the anterior wall of the maxilla bone. It was introduced by George Caldwell (1893)and Henry Luc (1897). The maxillary sinus is entered from two separate openings, one in the canine fossa to gain access to the antrum and other in the naso antral wall for drainage. [1]
The oropharyngeal airway was designed by Arthur Guedel. [2]Oropharyngeal airways come in a variety of sizes, from infant to adult, and are used commonly in pre-hospital emergency care and for short term airway management post anaesthetic or when manual methods are inadequate to maintain an open airway.
Negative pressure wound therapy device. Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT), also known as a vacuum assisted closure (VAC), is a therapeutic technique using a suction pump, tubing, and a dressing to remove excess wound exudate and to promote healing in acute or chronic wounds and second- and third-degree burns.
Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is a condition affecting the vocal cords. [1] It is characterized by abnormal closure of the vocal folds, which can result in significant difficulties and distress during breathing, particularly during inhalation.