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The incoming gamma ray effectively knocks one or more neutrons, protons, or an alpha particle out of the nucleus. [1] The reactions are called (γ,n), (γ,p), and (γ,α), respectively. Photodisintegration is endothermic (energy absorbing) for atomic nuclei lighter than iron and sometimes exothermic (energy releasing) for atomic nuclei heavier ...
Uranium-235 has a half-life of 703.8 million years. It was discovered in 1935 by Arthur Jeffrey Dempster. Its fission cross section for slow thermal neutrons is about 584.3 ± 1 barns. [1] For fast neutrons it is on the order of 1 barn. [2] Most neutron absorptions induce fission, though a minority (about 15%) result in the formation of uranium ...
A detailed biography of Strassmann appeared in 1981, a year after his death, and a prize-winning one of Meitner for young adults in 1986. Scientists questioned the focus on chemistry, historians challenged the accepted narrative of the Nazi period, and feminists saw Meitner as yet another example of the Matilda effect , where a woman had been ...
Three of the most common types of decay are alpha, beta, and gamma decay. The weak force is the mechanism that is responsible for beta decay, while the other two are governed by the electromagnetic and nuclear forces. [1] Radioactive decay is a random process at the level of single atoms.
These configurations imply that the most stable spherical isotopes would be flerovium-298, unbinilium-304 and unbihexium-310. Of particular note is 298 Fl, which would be "doubly magic" (both its proton number of 114 and neutron number of 184 are thought to be magic). This doubly magic configuration is the most likely to have a very long half-life.
A hot plasma ion 'steals' charge from a cold neutral atom to become an Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) [9]. In a charge-exchange collision between a high energy plasma ion and a cold neutral atom, the ion 'gives' electrons to the neutral atom, producing a cold ion and an energetic neutral atom (ENA).
An award-winning sports photographer by trade, his only previous encounter with the short-tailed birds occurred when one fell into his fireplace after attempting to nest in the chimney of his home ...
The one-electron universe postulate, proposed by theoretical physicist John Wheeler in a telephone call to Richard Feynman in the spring of 1940, is the hypothesis that all electrons and positrons are actually manifestations of a single entity moving backwards and forwards in time. According to Feynman: