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Roman head of a Dacian of the type known from Trajan's Forum, AD 120–130, marble, on 18th-century bust. The Dacians (/ ˈ d eɪ ʃ ən z /; Latin: Daci; Ancient Greek: Δάκοι, [1] Δάοι, [1] Δάκαι [2]) were the ancient Indo-European inhabitants of the cultural region of Dacia, located in the area near the Carpathian Mountains and west of the Black Sea.
Map of Roman Dacia between 106 and 271, including the areas with Free Dacians, Carpi and Costoboci. The Free Dacians (Romanian: Dacii liberi) is the name given by some modern historians to those Dacians [1] who remained outside, or emigrated from, the Roman Empire after the emperor Trajan's Dacian Wars (AD 101-6).
At the boundaries of Roman Dacia, Carpi (Free Dacians) were still strong enough to sustain five battles in eight years against the Romans from AD 301–308. Roman Dacia was left in AD 275 by the Romans, to the Carpi again, and not to the Goths. There were still Dacians in AD 336, against whom Constantine the Great fought.
Roman historian Flavius Eutropius mentioned the fate of Dacians after the Roman victory in the Breviarium Historiae Romanae: " Trajan , after he had subdued Dacia, had transplanted thither an infinite number of people from the whole Roman world, to people the country and the cities; as the land had been exhausted of inhabitants in the long war ...
Eventually the Dacians were forced to recognize Roman supremacy in the Balkan area, although they had not yet been subjugated to Rome, as Suetonius and the emperor Augustus himself tells: Augustus had succeeded (during his principate) in curbing the incursions of the Dacians, making a great slaughter of them and killing three of their leaders
Duras is mentioned in the Constantinian Excerpts, a Byzantine text collection that quotes the Roman historian Cassius Dio in the relevant passages. [2]Duras may be identical to the "Diurpaneus" (or "Dorpaneus") identified in Roman sources as the Dacian leader who, in the winter of 85, ravaged the southern banks of the Danube, which the Romans defended for many years.
Many davae on the Roman Dacia selection from Tabula Peutingeriana Davae in Dacia during Burebista Dava ( Latinate plural davae ) was a Geto-Dacian name for a city, town or fortress. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Generally, the name indicated a tribal center or an important settlement, usually fortified.
The first written mention of the name "Dacians" is in Roman sources. Strabo specified that the Daci are the Getae, identified as a Thracian tribe. The Dacians, Getae and their kings were always considered as Thracians by the ancients (Dio Cassius, Trogus Pompeius, Appian, Strabo, Herodotus and Pliny the Elder) and were said to speak the same ...