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Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. [1] It is a physical science within the natural sciences that studies the chemical elements that make up matter and compounds made of atoms , molecules and ions : their composition, structure, properties, behavior and the changes they undergo during reactions with other ...
Tritium (from Ancient Greek τρίτος (trítos) 'third') or hydrogen-3 (symbol T or 3 H) is a rare and radioactive isotope of hydrogen with a half-life of ~12.3 years. The tritium nucleus (t, sometimes called a triton) contains one proton and two neutrons, whereas the nucleus of the common isotope hydrogen-1 (protium) contains one proton and no neutrons, and that of non-radioactive hydrogen ...
1-Bromo-3-chloropropane is an organohalogen compound with the formula Br(CH 2) 3 Cl. It is a colorless liquid, produced by free-radical addition of hydrogen bromide to allyl chloride. [1] It is used as an alkylating agent to install the –(CH 2) 3 Cl [2] [3] and –(CH 2) 3 – groups. [4] For example, it is a precursor to 4-chlorobutyronitrile.
A solid solution, a term popularly used for metals, is a homogeneous mixture of two compounds in solid state and having a single crystal structure. [1] Many examples can be found in metallurgy , geology , and solid-state chemistry .
The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition is a chemical reaction between a 1,3-dipole and a dipolarophile to form a five-membered ring. The earliest 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions were described in the late 19th century to the early 20th century, following the discovery of 1,3-dipoles.
A classic example for favoring the keto form can be seen in the equilibrium between vinyl alcohol and acetaldehyde (K = [enol]/[keto] ≈ 3 × 10 −7). In 1,3-diketones, such as acetylacetone (2,4-pentanedione), the enol form is more favored. The acid-catalyzed conversion of an enol to the keto form proceeds by proton transfer from O to carbon.
Hemin is protoporphyrin IX containing a ferric iron (Fe 3+) ion with a coordinating chloride ligand. Chemically, hemin differs from the related heme-compound hematin chiefly in that the coordinating ion is a chloride ion in hemin, whereas the coordinating ion is a hydroxide ion in hematin. [ 2 ]
Chemical classification systems attempt to classify elements or compounds according to certain chemical functional or structural properties. Whereas the structural properties are largely intrinsic, functional properties and the derived classifications depend to a certain degree on the type of chemical interaction partners on which the function is exerted.