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A stool test is a medical diagnostic technique that involves the collection and analysis of fecal matter. Microbial analysis (culturing), microscopy and chemical tests are among the tests performed on stool samples.
The Bristol stool scale is a medical aid designed to classify the form of human feces into seven categories. Sometimes referred to in the UK as the Meyers Scale, it was developed by K.W. Heaton at the University of Bristol and was first published in the Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology in 1997. [4]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 10 January 2025. Medical system for classifying human faeces Medical diagnostic method Bristol stool scale Bristol stool chart Synonyms Bristol stool chart (BSC); Bristol Stool Scale (BSS); Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS or BSF scale); Purpose classify type of feces (diagnostic triad for irritable bowel ...
The pH of human faeces is variable but the average is pH 6.6 for normal faeces. [1] [2] A lower faecal pH (very acidic stool) can indicate a digestive problem such poor absorption of carbohydrates or fats, [3] lactose intolerance, [4] an infection such as E. coli or rotavirus, or overgrowth of acid-producing bacteria (such as lactic acid bacteria).
Analysis of the stool has indicated that its producer subsisted largely on meat and bread, despite evidence suggesting that other people at the same place and time had access to fruits, leeks, shellfish, and nuts. [3] The stool had undergone mineralisation, unlike some other human coprolites which are preserved by desiccation. [4]
Quantitative fecal fat tests measure and report an amount of fat. This is usually done over a period of three days, the patient collecting all of their feces into a container. The container is thoroughly mixed to homogenize the feces, without using specific mixer equipment. A small sample from the feces is collected.
"Feces" is used more in biology and medicine than in other fields (reflecting science's tradition of classical Latin and Neo-Latin) In hunting and tracking, terms such as dung, scat, spoor, and droppings normally are used to refer to non-human animal feces; In husbandry and farming, manure is common. Stool is a common term in reference to human ...
The fecal samples obtained were over 2,000 years old. From the samples, Poinar was able to gather DNA samples using the analysis methods recounted above. From his research Poinar found that the feces belonged to three Native Americans, based on mtDNA similarities to present day Native Americans. Poinar also found DNA evidence of the food they ate.