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The Gini coefficient was developed by Italian statistician and sociologist Corrado Gini and published in his 1912 paper Variability and Mutability (Italian: Variabilità e mutabilità). [ 263 ] Gini ratings can be used to compare inequality (by race, gender, employment) within and between jurisdictions, using a variety of income measures and ...
A score of "0" on the Gini coefficient represents complete equality, i.e. every person has the same income. A score of 1 would represent the case in which one person would have all the income and others would have none. Therefore, a lower Gini score is roughly associated with a more equal distribution of income and vice versa.
The Italian statistician Corrado Gini developed the Gini coefficient and published it in his 1912 paper Variabilità e mutabilità (English: variability and mutability). [16] [17] Building on the work of American economist Max Lorenz, Gini proposed using the difference between the hypothetical straight line depicting perfect equality and the actual line depicting people's incomes as a measure ...
2023 9.7 2023 Cuba: Caribbean: Upper middle income 45.29% 2022 3.40 1978 Cyprus: Western Asia: High income 33.45% 2022 2.46 2022 3.547 2021 Czech Republic: Eastern Europe: High income 29.66% 2022 2.58 2022 3.893 2021 3.1 2021 Germany: Western Europe: High income 34.04% 2022 1.82 2022 2.940 2020 3.9 2020 Djibouti
Post-tax Gini coefficient: 0.39. Unemployment rate: 4.4%. GDP per capita: $53 632. Poverty rate: 11.1%. [43] Low unemployment rate and high GDP are signs of the health of the U.S. economy. But there is almost 18% of people living below the poverty line and the Gini coefficient is quite high. That ranks the United States 9th income inequal in ...
The Wealth Gini coefficients from 2008 are based on a working paper published by the National Bureau of Economic Research. [5] The Wealth Gini numbers for 2018, 2019, and 2021 come from the Global Wealth Databook by Credit Suisse. [6] [7] [8] * indicates "Wealth inequality in COUNTRY or TERRITORY" or "Income inequality in COUNTRY or TERRITORY ...
The IRS announced it will officially begin accepting 2023 tax returns on ... 800-290-4726 more ways to reach us. Sign in ... The agency said IRS Free File for taxpayers with annual incomes of ...
The closer the Gini Coefficient is to one, the closer its income distribution is to absolute inequality. In 2007, the United Nations approximated the United States' Gini Coefficient at 41% while the CIA Factbook placed the coefficient at 45%. The United States' Gini Coefficient was below 40% in 1964 and slightly declined through the 1970s.