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The German language normally uses f to indicate the sound /f/ (as used in the English word fight) and w to indicate the sound /v/ (as in victory). However, v does occur in a large number of German words, where its pronunciation is /f/ in some words but /v/ in others.
The voicing was lost again in the late Middle Ages, but the v still remains in certain words such as in Vogel (cf. Scandinavian fugl or English fowl) 'bird' (hence, v is sometimes called Vogel-vau), viel 'much'. For further information, see Pronunciation of v in German. w : The letter w represents the sound /v/.
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Standard German on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Standard German in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet, a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association.
The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is v , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is v. The sound is similar to voiced alveolar fricative /z/ in that it is familiar to most European speakers [citation needed] but is a fairly uncommon sound cross-linguistically, occurring in approximately 21.1% of languages. [1]
German and Austrian speakers tend to be variably rhotic when using English loanwords. [citation needed] English /w/ is often replaced with German /v/ e.g. Whisk(e)y [ˈvɪskiː]. word-initial /s/ is often retained (especially in the South, where word-initial /s/ is common), [126] but many speakers replace it with /z/ e.g. Sound [zaʊ̯nt].
In most languages that use the Latin alphabet, v represents a voiced bilabial or labiodental sound. In contemporary German, it represents /v/ in most loanwords, while in native German words, it always represents /f/. In standard Dutch, it traditionally represents /v/, but in many regions, it represents /f/ in some or all positions.
The letter q in German only ever appears in the sequence qu (/kv/), with the exception of loanwords, e.g., Coq au vin or Qigong (which is also written Chigong). The letter x (Ix, /ɪks/) occurs almost exclusively in loanwords. Native German words that are now pronounced with a /ks/ sound are usually written using chs or cks, as with Fuchs (fox).