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The Upheaval of the Five Barbarians also translated as the Uprising, Rebellion [6] or the Revolt [7] of the Five Barbarians (simplified Chinese: 五胡乱华; traditional Chinese: 五胡亂華; lit. 'Five foreign tribes disrupting China' [ 8 ] ) is a Chinese expression used to refer to a chaotic period of warfare from 304 to 316 during the fall ...
The Five Barbarians as a concept only emerged during the 12th century in the Southern Song dynasty, when the official, Hong Mai wrote an essay titled "Wuhu Luanhua" (五胡亂華; "Upheaval of the Five Barbarians") in his book, Rongzhai Suibi (容齋隨筆).
Most concerning was the Five Divisions (五部) in Bing province, descendants of the Southern Xiongnu who had established their state of Han back in 304. Under the guise of restoring the Han dynasty , they were able to attract many Chinese and tribal rebels on the North China Plain to their cause.
Classical Chinese historians called the period the "Sixteen Kingdoms of the Five Barbarians" (simplified Chinese: 五胡十六国; traditional Chinese: 五胡十六國; pinyin: Wǔhú Shíliù Guó) because of the active roles played by non-Han ethnicities during this period.
During the first half of the 4th century, the Jin dynasty gradually lost control over its northern territories to the so-called 'Five Barbarians' in a period that would come to know as the Sixteen Kingdoms period. Jin moved its capital south to Jiankang in 318, and by 330, northern China was effectively unified by Shi Le's Later Zhao.
English: A map showing eneral southward migrations during the Upheaval of the Five Barbarians. Information sourced from 晉永嘉喪亂後之民族遷徙 by 譚其驤 ...
United Methodist Church administrative staff members Caitlin Congdon, left, Sandeep Kuntam, and Sharah Dass at the Upper Room Chapel Wednesday, April 3, 2024, in Nashville, Tenn.
Upheaval of the Five Barbarians This page was last edited on 28 September 2021, at 00:18 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4. ...