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The EEG has been used for many purposes besides the conventional uses of clinical diagnosis and conventional cognitive neuroscience. An early use was during World War II by the U.S. Army Air Corps to screen out pilots in danger of having seizures; [116] long-term EEG recordings in epilepsy patients are still used today for seizure prediction.
Neural oscillations are observed throughout the central nervous system at all levels, and include spike trains, local field potentials and large-scale oscillations which can be measured by electroencephalography (EEG).
If several million neurons discharge at once, it shows up on a scalp EEG as a focal interictal epileptiform spike. Paroxysmal depolarizing shifts can lead to an epileptic seizure if there is an underlying predisposition, and recording the spike can be an important aid in distinguishing seizure types. [citation needed]
In individuals with idiopathic generalized epilepsy, K-complex induced synchronization can trigger spike-and-wave discharges. This tends to happen most between the shift between waking and NREM, and between NREM and REM sleep. [11] In autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy, K-complexes are almost invariably present at the start of ...
A paper published in 2023 showed that burst suppression and epilepsy may share the same ephaptic coupling mechanism. [6] When inhibitory control is sufficiently low, as in the case of certain general anesthetics such as sevoflurane (due to a decrease in the firing of interneurons [7]), electric fields are able to recruit neighboring cells to fire synchronously, in a burst suppression pattern.
EEG electrode positions in the 10-10 system using modified combinatorial nomenclature, along with the fiducials and associated lobes of the brain. When recording a more detailed EEG with more electrodes, extra electrodes are added using the 10% division , which fills in intermediate sites halfway between those of the existing 10–20 system.
Epilepsy, a brain disorder that causes seizures, is one of the most common conditions that affects the brain. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 3.4 million ...
Vigilance. The scalp recorded EEG is sensitive to changes in vigilance. Different methods developed to sustain a monitored level of alertness using hand held buzzers that sounded off when the subject relaxed and dozed. Volunteer Baseline and Placebo training. As the EEG is sensitive to anxiety, an initial training session became standard procedure.