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On the night of 9/10 March 1945, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) conducted a devastating firebombing raid on Tokyo, the Japanese capital city.This attack was code-named Operation Meetinghouse by the USAAF and is known as the Tokyo Great Air Raid (東京大空襲, Tōkyō dai-kūshū) in Japan. [1]
The districts bombed were home to 1.2 million people. Tokyo police recorded 267,171 buildings destroyed, which left more than one million people homeless. [26] Emperor Hirohito's tour of the destroyed areas of Tokyo in March 1945 was the beginning of his involvement in the peace process, culminating in Japan's surrender six months later. [27]
The partially incinerated remains of Japanese civilians in Tokyo, 10 March 1945 Bodies of people killed in Operation Meetinghouse laid out in Ueno Park, Tokyo, 16 March 1945 The first firebombing attack in this campaign—codenamed Operation Meetinghouse —was carried out against Tokyo on the night of 9/10 March, and proved to be the single ...
About 8.5 million Japanese civilians were displaced from their homes between 1943 and 1945 as a result of air raids on Japan by the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) during the Pacific War. These evacuations started in December 1943 as a voluntary government program to prepare the country's main cities for bombing raids by evacuating ...
One of the last Japanese holdouts, Onoda continued fighting for nearly 29 years after the war's end in 1945, carrying out guerrilla warfare on Lubang Island in the Philippines until 1974. Onoda initially held out with three other soldiers: one surrendered in 1950, and two were killed, one in 1954 and one in 1972.
March 10 - Major bombing of Tokyo; March 12 - First bombing of Nagoya. March 13 - First bombing of Osaka. March 26 - U.S. forces win the Battle of Iwo Jima, defeating the last remaining troops led by Tadamichi Kuribayashi. April 7 - The Japanese battleship Yamato is sunk. April 7 - Koiso Cabinet resigns and Kantarō Suzuki forms his cabinet.
High-explosive and incendiary bombs were used against Japan to devastating effect, with greater indiscriminate loss of life in the firebombing of Tokyo on March 9–10, 1945 than was caused either by the Dresden mission, or the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima or Nagasaki. Unlike the USAAF's strategic bombing campaign in Europe, with its ...
Operation Meetinghouse raid on Tokyo (9-10 March 1945): 100,000 Japanese were killed, mostly civilians, including in the conflagration that followed the firebombing. Bombing of Kure (24-28 July 1945): Most of the surviving large Japanese warships were lost, leaving the Nagato as the only remaining capital ship in Japan's inventory.