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Mushroom bodies visible in a Drosophila brain as two stalks. From Jenett et al., 2006 [1] The mushroom bodies or corpora pedunculata are a pair of structures in the brain of arthropods, including insects and crustaceans, [2] and some annelids (notably the ragworm Platynereis dumerilii). [3] They are known to play a role in olfactory learning ...
In the panarthropod brain, the anteriormost (rostralmost) part of the germband expresses six3. This region is described as medial, and corresponds to the annelid prostomium. [1] In arthropods, it contains the pars intercerebralis and pars lateralis. [1] six3 is associated with the euarthropod labrum [2] and the onychophoran frontal appendages ...
Lateral accessory lobes are located inferiorly and laterally from ellipsoid body, anteriorly and laterally from the bulb. In the frontal section of the arthropod brain the LALs are projected as two triangles, called lateral triangles. The LALs have roughly pyramidal shape. [1]
Scientists discovered a 520-million-year-old fossilized larva with brains and guts intact, offering unprecedented insights into early arthropod evolution.
The supraesophageal ganglion (also "supraoesophageal ganglion", "arthropod brain" or "microbrain" [1]) is the first part of the arthropod, especially insect, central nervous system. It receives and processes information from the first, second, and third metameres .
Head of a European hornet (Vespa crabro). In insects, head is a preferred term. The insect head consists of five segments, including three (the labial, maxillary and mandibular) necessary for food uptake, which are altogether known as the gnathocephalon and house the suboesophageal ganglion of the brain, as well as the antennal segment, and an ocular segment, as well as a non segmented fused ...
Arthropods have a central brain with three divisions and large optical lobes behind each eye for visual processing. The brain of a fruit fly contains several million synapses, compared to at least 100 billion in the human brain. Approximately two-thirds of the Drosophila brain is dedicated to visual processing.
Brains of an emu, a kiwi, a barn owl, and a pigeon, with visual processing areas labelled. The avian brain is the central organ of the nervous system in birds. Birds possess large, complex brains, which process, integrate, and coordinate information received from the environment and make decisions on how to respond with the rest of the body.