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An anal fissure is a break or tear in the skin of the anal canal. Anal fissures may be noticed by bright red anal bleeding on toilet paper and undergarments, or sometimes in the toilet. If acute they are painful after defecation , [ 1 ] but with chronic fissures, pain intensity often reduces and becomes cyclical.
One of the most common causes of rectal pain is an anal fissure. [2] It involves a tear in the anal canal probably due to trauma from defecation [3] and are usually treated effectively with sitz baths, stool softeners, and analgesics. [2]
Anal fistula is a chronic abnormal communication between the anal canal and the perianal skin. [1] An anal fistula can be described as a narrow tunnel with its internal opening in the anal canal and its external opening in the skin near the anus. [2] Anal fistulae commonly occur in people with a history of anal abscesses. They can form when ...
An anal abscess, which is typically caused by a local infection, is another potential diagnosis for anorectal discomfort and may be accompanied by symptoms like fever or chills.
Surgical Therapy (for chronic fissures or when non-surgical therapy fails) : Anal Dilation, [8] Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy, Advancement Flaps, Fissurectomy. Anorectal Abscess and Fistula Painful swelling, [ 5 ] Redness, Pain, [ 10 ] Bloody diarrhea, [ 11 ] an opening can point to a fistula, with or without drainage [ 5 ] with itchiness.
Mucosal ectropion is another condition which may occur after hemorrhoidectomy (often together with anal stenosis). [44] This is where the anal mucosa becomes everted from the anus, similar to a very mild form of rectal prolapse. [44] Excisional hemorrhoidectomy is a surgical excision of the hemorrhoid used primarily only in severe cases. [1]