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A calcium channel is an ion channel which shows selective permeability to calcium ions. It is sometimes synonymous with voltage-gated calcium channel, [1] which are a type of calcium channel regulated by changes in membrane potential. Some calcium channels are regulated by the binding of a ligand.
N-type calcium channels, also called Ca v 2.2 channels, are voltage gated calcium channels that are localized primarily on the nerve terminals and dendrites as well as neuroendocrine cells. [1] The calcium N-channel consists of several subunits: the primary subunit α1B and the auxiliary subunits α2δ and β.
P-type calcium channel ("Purkinje") /Q-type calcium channel: HVA (high voltage activated) Ca v 2.1 : α 2 δ, β, possibly γ: Purkinje neurons in the cerebellum / Cerebellar granule cells: N-type calcium channel ("Neural"/"Non-L") HVA (high voltage activated) Ca v 2.2 : α 2 δ/β 1, β 3, β 4, possibly γ: Throughout the brain and peripheral ...
The US Institute of Medicine (IOM) established Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for calcium in 1997 and updated those values in 2011. [6] See table. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) uses the term Population Reference Intake (PRIs) instead of RDAs and sets slightly different numbers: ages 4–10 800 mg, ages 11–17 1150 mg, ages 18–24 1000 mg, and >25 years 950 mg. [10]
L-type calcium channel blocker drugs are used as cardiac antiarrhythmics or antihypertensives, depending on whether the drugs have higher affinity for the heart (the phenylalkylamines, like verapamil), or for the blood vessels (the dihydropyridines, like nifedipine). [5]
Calcium SOCs are especially important for the cell because they are the major source of intracellular calcium; and calcium itself is involved in a wide array of vital cellular functions. SOCs are so called because they are activated by intracellular calcium (particularly the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)) stores depletion by both physiological or ...
Calcium channel blockers (CCB), calcium channel antagonists or calcium antagonists [2] are a group of medications that disrupt the movement of calcium (Ca 2+ ) through calcium channels . [ 3 ] Calcium channel blockers are used as antihypertensive drugs , i.e., as medications to decrease blood pressure in patients with hypertension .
Calcium signaling is the use of calcium ions (Ca 2+) to communicate and drive intracellular processes often as a step in signal transduction. Ca 2+ is important for cellular signalling , for once it enters the cytosol of the cytoplasm it exerts allosteric regulatory effects on many enzymes and proteins .