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  2. Bifurcation theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifurcation_theory

    Bifurcation theory is the mathematical study of changes in the qualitative or topological structure of a given family of curves, such as the integral curves of a family of vector fields, and the solutions of a family of differential equations.

  3. Feigenbaum constants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feigenbaum_constants

    In mathematics, specifically bifurcation theory, the Feigenbaum constants / ˈ f aɪ ɡ ə n b aʊ m / [1] δ and α are two mathematical constants which both express ratios in a bifurcation diagram for a non-linear map. They are named after the physicist Mitchell J. Feigenbaum.

  4. Bifurcation diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifurcation_diagram

    Symmetry breaking in pitchfork bifurcation as the parameter ε is varied. ε = 0 is the case of symmetric pitchfork bifurcation.. In a dynamical system such as ¨ + (;) + =, which is structurally stable when , if a bifurcation diagram is plotted, treating as the bifurcation parameter, but for different values of , the case = is the symmetric pitchfork bifurcation.

  5. Catastrophe theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catastrophe_theory

    In mathematics, catastrophe theory is a branch of bifurcation theory in the study of dynamical systems; it is also a particular special case of more general singularity theory in geometry. Bifurcation theory studies and classifies phenomena characterized by sudden shifts in behavior arising from small changes in circumstances, analysing how the ...

  6. Saddle-node bifurcation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saddle-node_bifurcation

    In the mathematical area of bifurcation theory a saddle-node bifurcation, tangential bifurcation or fold bifurcation is a local bifurcation in which two fixed points (or equilibria) of a dynamical system collide and annihilate each other. The term 'saddle-node bifurcation' is most often used in reference to continuous dynamical systems.

  7. Hopf bifurcation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopf_bifurcation

    Complex eigenvalues of an arbitrary map (dots). In case of the Hopf bifurcation, two complex conjugate eigenvalues cross the imaginary axis. In the mathematical theory of bifurcations, a Hopf bifurcation is a critical point where, as a parameter changes, a system's stability switches and a periodic solution arises. [1]

  8. Near-Earth asteroid Bennu could hit Earth in 157 years and ...

    www.aol.com/news/near-earth-asteroid-bennu-could...

    Near-Earth asteroid Bennu has a slim chance of colliding with Earth in 2182. If it does, the impact could trigger a global winter that affects our planet for years.

  9. Feigenbaum's first constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feigenbaum's_First_Constant

    Bifurcation parameter is a root point of period-2 n ... in this sense the Feigenbaum constant in bifurcation theory is analogous to π in geometry and e in calculus ...