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  2. Limiting magnitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limiting_magnitude

    The limiting magnitude for naked eye visibility refers to the faintest stars that can be seen with the unaided eye near the zenith on clear moonless nights. The quantity is most often used as an overall indicator of sky brightness, in that light polluted and humid areas generally have brighter limiting magnitudes than remote desert or high altitude areas.

  3. Bortle scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bortle_scale

    the zodiacal light is still visible, but does not extend halfway to the zenith at dusk or dawn; light pollution domes visible in several directions; clouds are illuminated in the directions of the light sources, dark overhead; surroundings are clearly visible, even at a distance; the Milky Way well above the horizon is still impressive, but ...

  4. Sky - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky

    With the advent of artificial light sources, however, light pollution has been a growing problem for viewing the night sky. Special filters and modifications to light fixtures can help to alleviate this problem, but for the best views, both professional and amateur optical astronomers seek viewing sites located far from major urban areas.

  5. Apparent magnitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apparent_magnitude

    Amateur astronomers commonly express the darkness of the sky in terms of limiting magnitude, i.e. the apparent magnitude of the faintest star they can see with the naked eye. This can be useful as a way of monitoring the spread of light pollution. Apparent magnitude is technically a measure of illuminance, which can also be measured in ...

  6. Light pollution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_pollution

    Light pollution is the presence of any unwanted, inappropriate, or excessive artificial lighting. [1] [2] In a descriptive sense, the term light pollution refers to the effects of any poorly implemented lighting sources, during the day or night. Light pollution can be understood not only as a phenomenon resulting from a specific source or kind ...

  7. Sky brightness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky_brightness

    Light pollution is an ever-increasing source of sky brightness in urbanized areas. In densely populated areas that do not have stringent light pollution control, the entire night sky is regularly 5 to 50 times brighter than it would be if all lights were switched off, and very often the influence of light pollution is far greater than natural ...

  8. Sky quality meter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky_Quality_Meter

    The current versions has only one band of observation, that can produce misinterpretations if the light pollution changes from sodium-vapor lamp to LED. [ 8 ] The SQM-L, or "Sky Quality Meter - L," is a model with an additional integrated lens, offering a narrower measurement range of 20° compared to the 84° range of the standard SQM model.

  9. Visibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visibility

    The visibility from an elevated observation point down to the surface of the sea can be calculated using the Pythagorean theorem, since the line of sight and the radius of the Earth form the two legs of a right triangle. The height of the elevated point plus the Earth radius form its hypotenuse. If both the eyes and the object are raised above ...