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20 September – Dahomey, Upper Volta, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of the Congo (Leopoldville), Republic of the Congo (Brazzaville), Côte d'Ivoire, Gabon, Madagascar, Niger, Somalia, Togo, Mali and Senegal obtain membership in the United Nations. 22 September – Mali declares independence from the Mali federation.
It marked the beginning of a new, more Afrocentric era in African studies, marked by the founding of the Cahiers d'Études africaines and the Journal of African History. [34] [35] The Year of Africa was a major boost for African Americans, themselves engaged in the Civil Rights Movement within the United States. [36]
Many countries followed in the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in 1960 with the Year of Africa, which saw 17 African nations declare independence, including a large part of French West Africa. Most of the remaining countries gained independence throughout the 1960s, although some colonizers (Portugal in particular) were reluctant to relinquish ...
Front page of Die Transvaler, 7 October 1960, announcing republican victory by 70,000 votes. A referendum on becoming a republic was held in South Africa on 5 October 1960. . The Afrikaner-dominated right-wing National Party, which had come to power in 1948, was avowedly republican and regarded the position of Queen Elizabeth II as the South African monarch as a relic of British imperialism.
On 1 April 1960, the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 134. Sharpeville marked a turning point in South Africa's history; the country found itself increasingly isolated in the international community. The event also played a role in South Africa's departure from the Commonwealth of Nations in 1961. [17]
15 – The first Boeing 707 arrives in South Africa. [3] [4] October. 5 – The white population votes in a referendum to sever South Africa's last links with the British monarchy and become a republic. [5] November. 14 – Serial Killer "Pangaman" Elias Xitavhudzi is hanged for the murders of 16 white men and women in Atteridgeville in the 1950s.
1960 was a leap year ... Jamaica killing 37, the worst air disaster in Jamaica's history and the first for Avianca. ... African-American artist known for her ...
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