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  2. Comparison gallery of image scaling algorithms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_gallery_of...

    Scalable Vector Graphics are well suited to simple geometric images, while photographs do not fare well with vectorization due to their complexity. Note that the special characteristics of vectors allow for greater resolution example images. The other algorithms are standardized to a resolution of 160x160 and 218x80 pixels respectively.

  3. Transformation matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformation_matrix

    In other words, the matrix of the combined transformation A followed by B is simply the product of the individual matrices. When A is an invertible matrix there is a matrix A −1 that represents a transformation that "undoes" A since its composition with A is the identity matrix. In some practical applications, inversion can be computed using ...

  4. Image scaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_scaling

    An image scaled with nearest-neighbor scaling (left) and 2×SaI scaling (right) In computer graphics and digital imaging , image scaling refers to the resizing of a digital image. In video technology, the magnification of digital material is known as upscaling or resolution enhancement .

  5. 2D computer graphics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2D_computer_graphics

    2D computer graphics is the computer-based generation of digital images ... can be accomplished by using this scaling matrix: ... Modern examples are the free ...

  6. Scaling (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scaling_(geometry)

    A scale factor of 1 is normally allowed, so that congruent shapes are also classed as similar. Uniform scaling happens, for example, when enlarging or reducing a photograph, or when creating a scale model of a building, car, airplane, etc. More general is scaling with a separate scale factor for each axis direction.

  7. Affine transformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affine_transformation

    Let X be an affine space over a field k, and V be its associated vector space. An affine transformation is a bijection f from X onto itself that is an affine map; this means that a linear map g from V to V is well defined by the equation () = (); here, as usual, the subtraction of two points denotes the free vector from the second point to the first one, and "well-defined" means that ...

  8. Homogeneous coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneous_coordinates

    Homogeneous coordinates are ubiquitous in computer graphics because they allow common vector operations such as translation, rotation, scaling and perspective projection to be represented as a matrix by which the vector is multiplied. By the chain rule, any sequence of such operations can be multiplied out into a single matrix, allowing simple ...

  9. Multidimensional scaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multidimensional_scaling

    It is also known as Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA), Torgerson Scaling or Torgerson–Gower scaling. It takes an input matrix giving dissimilarities between pairs of items and outputs a coordinate matrix whose configuration minimizes a loss function called strain, [2] which is given by (,,...,) = (, (),) /, where denote vectors in N-dimensional space, denotes the scalar product between ...