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The renal fascia is a dense, elastic connective tissue envelope enclosing the kidney and adrenal gland, together with the layer of perirenal fat surrounding these two. [ 1 ] The renal fascia separates the adipose capsule of kidney from the overlying pararenal fat .
The renal capsule is surrounded by the renal fascia. Overlying the renal fascia and between this and the transverse fascia is a region of pararenal fat. [1] The renal capsule resists stretching, limiting renal swelling, with important implications for renal circulation. [2] Stretching of the renal capsule due to swelling of the kidney causes ...
Each kidney, with its adrenal gland is surrounded by two layers of fat: the perirenal fat present between renal fascia and renal capsule and pararenal fat superior to the renal fascia. The human kidney is a bean-shaped structure with a convex and a concave border. [14]
Perirenal fat (also "perirenal fat capsule", "perinephric fat, [5] or "adipose capsule of the kidney" [6]) is external to the fibrous capsule of the kidney, and internal to the renal fascia (which separates it from the pararenal fat); connective tissue trabeculae extend through it to unite the fibrous capsule of the kidney, and the renal fascia ...
Each kidney is surrounded by two layers of connective tissue, the inner renal capsule and outer renal (Gerota's) fascia. [7] These layers thus form two potential spaces where fluid can form, the small subcapsular space and the large perinephric space. The renal capsule is fibrous and does not easily expand. [1]
From anterior to posterior, the renal vein exits, the renal artery enters, and the renal pelvis exits the kidney. On the left hand side the hilum is located at the L1 vertebral level and the right kidney at level L1-2. The lower border of the kidneys is usually alongside L3.
The renal sinus is a cavity within the kidney which is occupied by the renal pelvis, renal calyces, blood vessels, nerves and fat.The renal hilum extends into a large cavity within the kidney occupied by the renal vessels, minor renal calyces, major renal calyces, renal pelvis and some adipose tissue.
A fascia (/ ˈ f æ ʃ (i) ə /; pl.: fasciae / ˈ f æ ʃ i i / or fascias; [1] adjective fascial; from Latin band) is a generic term for macroscopic membranous bodily structures. [ 2 ] : 42 Fasciae are classified as superficial , visceral or deep , and further designated according to their anatomical location.