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Bronchial thermoplasty is the only treatment modality designed to combat a hallmark of airway remodelling; airway smooth muscle hypertrophy. The effects of bronchial thermoplasty on smooth muscle mass are seen up to at least 12 months post-treatment; however, the procedure does not seem to impact other features of airway remodelling. [4] Thus ...
Bronchoconstriction is defined as the narrowing of the airways in the lungs (bronchi and bronchioles). Air flow in air passages can get restricted in three ways: [3] a spasmodic state of the smooth muscles in bronchi and bronchioles; an inflammation in the middle layers of the bronchi and bronchioles; excessive production of mucus. The ...
An airway obstruction can be caused by either an intraluminal mass such as a tumor or a foreign body. [31] The presence of an airway obstruction leads to a cycle of inflammation. [3] It is important to identify the presence of an obstruction because surgical resection is often curative if obstruction is the cause. [32]
Eosinophilic bronchitis (EB) is a type of airway inflammation due to excessive mast cell recruitment and activation in the superficial airways as opposed to the smooth muscles of the airways as seen in asthma. [1] [2] It often results in a chronic cough. [1] Lung function tests are usually normal. [1] Inhaled corticosteroids are often an ...
Obstructive lung disease is a category of respiratory disease characterized by airway obstruction. Many obstructive diseases of the lung result from narrowing (obstruction) of the smaller bronchi and larger bronchioles, often because of excessive contraction of the smooth muscle itself. It is generally characterized by inflamed and easily ...
The overactivity of the bronchioles' muscle is a result of exposure to a stimulus which under normal circumstances would cause little or no response. The resulting constriction and inflammation causes a narrowing of the airways and an increase in mucus production; this reduces the amount of oxygen that is available to the individual causing ...
Bronchial thermoplasty [1] is a treatment for severe asthma approved by the FDA in 2010 involving the delivery of controlled, therapeutic radiofrequency energy to the airway wall, thus heating the tissue and reducing the amount of smooth muscle present in the airway wall.
Figure A shows the location of the lungs and bronchial tubes. Figure B is an enlarged view of a normal bronchial tube. Figure C is an enlarged view of a bronchial tube with bronchitis. Specialty: Pulmonology: Symptoms: Cough with sputum, wheezing, shortness of breath, fever, chest discomfort [1] [2] Duration: Up to 6 weeks [3] Causes: Typically ...