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In mathematics, a monomial is, roughly speaking, a polynomial which has only one term.Two definitions of a monomial may be encountered: A monomial, also called a power product or primitive monomial, [1] is a product of powers of variables with nonnegative integer exponents, or, in other words, a product of variables, possibly with repetitions. [2]
A monomial ordering is a well ordering on the set of monomials such that if ,, are monomials, then . By the monomial order , we can state the following definitions for a polynomial in K [ x 1 , x 2 , … , x n ] {\displaystyle \mathbb {K} [x_{1},x_{2},\dotsc ,x_{n}]} .
In mathematics the monomial basis of a polynomial ring is its basis (as a vector space or free module over the field or ring of coefficients) that consists of all monomials.The monomials form a basis because every polynomial may be uniquely written as a finite linear combination of monomials (this is an immediate consequence of the definition of a polynomial).
For example, the polynomial x 2 y 2 + 3x 3 + 4y has degree 4, the same degree as the term x 2 y 2. However, a polynomial in variables x and y, is a polynomial in x with coefficients which are polynomials in y, and also a polynomial in y with coefficients which are polynomials in x. The polynomial
The monomial order implies an order on the individual indeterminates. One can simplify the classification of monomial orders by assuming that the indeterminates are named x 1, x 2, x 3, ... in decreasing order for the monomial order considered, so that always x 1 > x 2 > x 3 > .... (If there should be infinitely many indeterminates, this ...
The monomial basis also forms a basis for the vector space of polynomials. After all, every polynomial can be written as a 0 + a 1 x 1 + a 2 x 2 + ⋯ + a n x n {\displaystyle a_{0}+a_{1}x^{1}+a_{2}x^{2}+\cdots +a_{n}x^{n}} for some n ∈ N {\displaystyle n\in \mathbb {N} } , which is a linear combination of monomials.
The monomial symmetric functions m α. Suppose α = (α 1,α 2,...) is a sequence of non-negative integers, only finitely many of which are non-zero. Then we can consider the monomial defined by α: X α = X 1 α 1 X 2 α 2 X 3 α 3.... Then m α is the symmetric function determined by X α, i.e. the sum of all monomials obtained from X α by ...
Let () be a polynomial equation, where P is a univariate polynomial of degree n.If one divides all coefficients of P by its leading coefficient, one obtains a new polynomial equation that has the same solutions and consists to equate to zero a monic polynomial.