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Heart sounds of a ventricular septal defect in a 14-year-old girl. A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a defect in the ventricular septum, the wall dividing the left and right ventricles of the heart. The extent of the opening may vary from pin size to complete absence of the ventricular septum, creating one common ventricle.
A variety of different classifications have been used, but the defects are usefully divided into "partial" and "complete" forms. In the partial AVSD, there is a small or partial defect in the interventricular septum, and a primum atrial septal defect , which is a moderate or large connection between the atria, often featuring mitral valve ...
If the drug distributes into all body water the volume of distribution would increase to approximately = 0.57 L/kg [8] If the drug readily diffuses into the body fat the volume of distribution may increase dramatically, an example is chloroquine which has a V D = {\displaystyle V_{D}=} 250-302 L/kg [ 9 ]
The ATC system also includes defined daily doses (DDDs) for many drugs. This is a measurement of drug consumption based on the usual daily dose for a given drug. According to the definition, "[t]he DDD is the assumed average maintenance dose per day for a drug used for its main indication in adults." [15]
In several major drug classification systems, these four types of classifications are organized into a hierarchy. [4] For example, fibrates are a chemical class of drugs (amphipathic carboxylic acids) that share the same mechanism of action ( PPAR agonist ), the same mode of action (reducing blood triglyceride levels), and are used to prevent ...
The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) is a system to differentiate drugs on the basis of their solubility and permeability. [1] This system restricts the prediction using the parameters solubility and intestinal permeability. The solubility classification is based on a United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) aperture.
Cardiovascular agents are drugs used to treat diseases associated with the heart or blood vessels. These medications are available for purchase only with a physician’s prescription . They include, but are not limited to, drugs that target hypertension ( antihypertensives ), hyperlipidemia ( antihyperlipidemics ) and blood clotting (blood ...
ATC code C10 Lipid modifying agents is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products. [1] [2] [3] Subgroup C10 is part of the anatomical group C Cardiovascular system. [4]