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Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction can be difficult to diagnose clinically given the lack of specific symptoms [2] and frequent misinterpretation as manifestations of vigorous exercise. There are many mimics that present with similar symptoms, such as vocal cord dysfunction , cardiac arrhythmias , cardiomyopathies , and gastroesophageal ...
More generally termed exercise-induced asthma, the preferred and more accurate term exercise-induced bronchoconstriction better reflects underlying pathophysiology.It is also preferred due to the former term giving the false impression that asthma is caused by exercise.
Salbutamol is typically used to treat bronchospasm (due to any cause—allergic asthma or exercise-induced), as well as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. [8] It is also one of the most common medicines used in rescue inhalers (short-term bronchodilators to alleviate asthma attacks). [17] As a β 2 agonist, salbutamol also has use in ...
Bronchospasm or a bronchial spasm is a sudden constriction of the muscles in the walls of the bronchioles. It is caused by the release ( degranulation ) of substances from mast cells or basophils under the influence of anaphylatoxins .
Montelukast is used for a number of conditions including asthma, exercise induced bronchospasm, allergic rhinitis, and urticaria. [11] It is mainly used as a complementary therapy in adults in addition to inhaled corticosteroids, if inhaled steroids alone do not bring the desired effect.
Exercise can trigger bronchoconstriction both in people with or without asthma. [116] It occurs in most people with asthma and up to 20% of people without asthma. [116] Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction is common in professional athletes. The highest rates are among cyclists (up to 45%), swimmers, and cross-country skiers. [117]
Epinephrine vial 1 mg (Adrenalin). Epinephrine is used to treat a number of conditions, including cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis, and superficial bleeding. [25] It has been used historically for bronchospasm and low blood sugar, but newer treatments for these that are selective for β 2 adrenoceptors, such as salbutamol, are preferred.
They are taken 10–15 minutes before exercise. The bronchodilation begins few minutes after inhalation of short-acting β 2-agonists and lasts from 4 to 8 hours. [8] [9] Long-lasting β 2-agonists are discouraged in treating acute exercise-induced asthma, because their chronic use might mask poorly controlled asthma. [10]