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The Arabic-to-Latin translation of Ibn Sina's The Canon of Medicine helped establish many Arabic plant names in later medieval Latin. [2] A book about medicating agents by Serapion the Younger containing hundreds of Arabic botanical names circulated in Latin among apothecaries in the 14th and 15th centuries. [3]
For example, “New York City is the 'mecca' of the economic world”. mohair, moiré المُخيَّر al-mokhayyar, from Arabic مُخيَّر [muxjːar] (listen ⓘ), high-quality cloth made from fine goat hair (from Arabic root khayar = "choosing, preferring").
The roots of verbs and most nouns in the Semitic languages are characterized as a sequence of consonants or "radicals" (hence the term consonantal root).Such abstract consonantal roots are used in the formation of actual words by adding the vowels and non-root consonants (or "transfixes") which go with a particular morphological category around the root consonants, in an appropriate way ...
Arabic verb morphology includes augmentations of the root, also known as forms, an example of the derived stems found among the Semitic languages. For a typical verb based on a triliteral root (i.e. a root formed using three root consonants), the basic form is termed Form I , while the augmented forms are known as Form II , Form III , etc.
There is sometimes no relation between the roots. For example, "knowledge" is represented in Hebrew by the root y-d-ʿ, but in Arabic by the roots ʿ-r-f and ʿ-l-m and in Ethiosemitic by the roots ʿ-w-q and f-l-ṭ. For more comparative vocabulary lists, see the Wiktionary appendix List of Proto-Semitic stems.
See List of English words of Semitic origin, excluding words known to be of Hebrew or Arabic origin. The list has been restricted to loan words: It excludes loan translations. Here's an example of a loan translation. In Arabic the words for father, mother and son are often used to denote relationships between things.
The Arabic root is traceable to Greek ambix = "cup". The earliest chemical distillations were by Greeks in Alexandria in Egypt in about the 3rd century AD. Their ambix became the 9th-century Arabic al-anbīq, which became the 12th-century Latin alembicus. [28] [29] alfalfa الفصفصة al-fisfisa [ʔlfasˤfasˤa] (listen ⓘ, alfalfa. [30]
The Greek had entered Arabic meaning a dry powder for treating wounds, and it has a couple of records in medieval Arabic in that sense. [25] Al-Biruni (died 1048) is an example of a medieval Arabic writer who used the word in the alchemy sense, for making gold. [51] The Arabic alchemy sense entered Latin in the 12th century. [13]