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The Shinkansen network of Japan had the highest annual passenger ridership (a maximum of 353 million in 2007) of any high-speed rail network until 2011, until the Chinese high-speed railway network surpassed it at 370 million passengers annually, which later reached over 2.9 billion annual passengers in 2023.
In Japan, there is a so-called "4-hour wall" in high-speed rail's market share: If the high-speed rail journey time exceeds 4 hours, then people likely choose planes over high-speed rail. For instance, from Tokyo to Osaka, a 2h22m-journey by Shinkansen, high-speed rail has an 85% market share whereas planes have 15%.
N700S series Shinkansen train E235 series train on the Yamanote Line Tokyo Station in Tokyo Hiroden Tram in Hiroshima. Rail transport in Japan is a major means of passenger transport, especially for mass and high-speed travel between major cities and for commuter transport in urban areas.
This article provides a list of operational and under construction (or approved) high-speed rail networks, listed by country or region. While the International Union of Railways defines high-speed rail as public transport by rail at speeds of at least 200 km/h (124 mph) for upgraded tracks and 250 km/h (155 mph) or faster for new tracks, this article lists all the systems and lines that ...
Conventional trains, on the other hand, require less energy at slow speeds, with this advantage shrinking or even slightly reversing during high-speed operation. As the Chūō Shinkansen mostly runs in tunnels, air resistance will be much higher than for most high-speed railways, significantly increasing energy consumption. [51]
Opening in 1964, running between Tokyo and Shin-Ōsaka, it was the world's first high-speed rail line, [1] and it remains one of the world's busiest. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Since 1987, it has been operated by the Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central), prior to that by Japanese National Railways (JNR).
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