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In statistics, linear regression is a model that estimates the linear relationship between a scalar response (dependent variable) and one or more explanatory ...
If the assumptions of OLS regression hold, the solution = (), with =, is an unbiased estimator, and is the minimum-variance linear unbiased estimator, according to the Gauss–Markov theorem. The term λ n I {\displaystyle \lambda nI} therefore leads to a biased solution; however, it also tends to reduce variance.
Linear least squares (LLS) is the least squares approximation of linear functions to data. It is a set of formulations for solving statistical problems involved in linear regression, including variants for ordinary (unweighted), weighted, and generalized (correlated) residuals.
In statistics, generalized least squares (GLS) is a method used to estimate the unknown parameters in a linear regression model.It is used when there is a non-zero amount of correlation between the residuals in the regression model.
In linear regression, the model specification is that the dependent variable, is a linear combination of the parameters (but need not be linear in the independent variables). For example, in simple linear regression for modeling n {\displaystyle n} data points there is one independent variable: x i {\displaystyle x_{i}} , and two parameters, β ...
In statistics, ordinary least squares (OLS) is a type of linear least squares method for choosing the unknown parameters in a linear regression model (with fixed level-one [clarification needed] effects of a linear function of a set of explanatory variables) by the principle of least squares: minimizing the sum of the squares of the differences between the observed dependent variable (values ...
In econometrics, the seemingly unrelated regressions (SUR) [1]: 306 [2]: 279 [3]: 332 or seemingly unrelated regression equations (SURE) [4] [5]: 2 model, proposed by Arnold Zellner in (1962), is a generalization of a linear regression model that consists of several regression equations, each having its own dependent variable and potentially ...
Deming regression (total least squares) also finds a line that fits a set of two-dimensional sample points, but (unlike ordinary least squares, least absolute deviations, and median slope regression) it is not really an instance of simple linear regression, because it does not separate the coordinates into one dependent and one independent ...