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  2. X-ray microscope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_microscope

    The history of X-ray microscopy can be traced back to the early 20th century. After the German physicist Röntgen discovered X-rays in 1895, scientists soon illuminated an object using an X-ray point source and captured the shadow images of the object with a resolution of several micrometers. [2]

  3. X-ray - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray

    Natural color X-ray photogram of a wine scene. Note the edges of hollow cylinders as compared to the solid candle. William Coolidge explains medical imaging and X-rays.. An X-ray (also known in many languages as Röntgen radiation) is a form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than those of ultraviolet rays and longer than those of gamma rays.

  4. X-ray microtomography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_microtomography

    Digital detectors with small pixel pitches and micro-focus x-ray tubes are usually employed to yield in high resolution images. [6] Closed systems tend to become very heavy because lead is used to shield the X-rays. Therefore, the smaller scanners only have a small space for samples.

  5. Soft X-ray microscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft_x-ray_microscopy

    XM-1 uses an X-ray lens to focus X-rays on a CCD, in a manner similar to an optical microscope. XM-1 held the world record in spatial resolution with Fresnel zone plates down to 15 nm and is able to combine high spatial resolution with a sub-100ps time resolution to study e.g. ultrafast spin dynamics.

  6. X-ray crystallography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallography

    X-ray crystallography is the ... yet the relative position of each atom has been determined with sub-atomic resolution by X-ray ... with an image recorded at every ...

  7. X-ray detector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_detector

    Typical x-ray film contains silver halide crystal "grains", typically primarily silver bromide. [2] Grain size and composition can be adjusted to affect the film properties, for example to improve resolution in the developed image. [3]

  8. X-ray telescope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_telescope

    It obtained high-resolution X-ray images in the energy range from 0.1 to 4 keV of stars of all types, supernova remnants, galaxies, and clusters of galaxies. Another large project was ROSAT (active from 1990 to 1999), which was a heavy X-ray space observatory with focusing X-ray optics, and European EXOSAT. [4]

  9. Projectional radiography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projectional_radiography

    Projectional radiography, also known as conventional radiography, [1] is a form of radiography and medical imaging that produces two-dimensional images by X-ray radiation. The image acquisition is generally performed by radiographers, and the images are often examined by radiologists. Both the procedure and any resultant images are often simply ...