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An incandescent light bulb, incandescent lamp or incandescent light globe is an electric light with a filament that is heated until it glows. The filament is enclosed in a glass bulb that is either evacuated or filled with inert gas to protect the filament from oxidation .
[1] [2] These carbon filament bulbs, the first electric light bulbs, became available commercially that same year. [3] In 1904 a tungsten filament was invented by Austro-Hungarians Alexander Just and Franjo Hanaman , [ 4 ] and was more efficient and longer-lasting than the carbonized bamboo filament used previously. [ 5 ]
Sir Joseph Wilson Swan FRS (31 October 1828 – 27 May 1914) was an English physicist, chemist, and inventor.He is known as an independent early developer of a successful incandescent light bulb, and is the person responsible for developing and supplying the first incandescent lights used to illuminate homes and public buildings, including the Savoy Theatre, London, in 1881.
The invention builds on acetylene lamps from the 1890s. 1901 Peter Cooper Hewitt creates the first commercial mercury-vapor lamp. 1904 Alexander Just and Franjo Hanaman invent the tungsten filament for incandescent lightbulbs. 1910 Georges Claude demonstrates neon lighting at the Paris Motor Show. 1912 Charles P. Steinmetz invents the metal ...
After devising a commercially viable electric light bulb on October 21, 1879, Edison developed an electric "utility" to compete with the existing gas light utilities. [73] On December 17, 1880, he founded the Edison Illuminating Company , and during the 1880s, he patented a system for electricity distribution .
An electric light, lamp, or light bulb is an electrical component that produces light. It is the most common form of artificial lighting . Lamps usually have a base made of ceramic , metal, glass, or plastic which secures the lamp in the socket of a light fixture , which is often called a "lamp" as well.
On July 24, 1874, Woodward and his partner, Mathew Evans, a hotel keeper, filed a Canadian patent application on an electric light bulb. [2] [3] It was granted on August 3, 1874, as Canadian patent number 3,738. [4] Woodward was a medical student at the time. Their light bulb comprised a glass tube with a large piece of carbon connected to two ...
The glass bulbs sold in Britain were of Swan's design, while the filaments were of Edison's. [4] From 1887 or earlier Sir Ambrose Fleming was an adviser to the company, and conducted research at Ponders End. [5] The company had offices at 155 Charing Cross Road, London, and factories in Brimsdown, Ponders End and Sunderland.