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A PPTP tunnel is instantiated by communication to the peer on TCP port 1723. This TCP connection is then used to initiate and manage a GRE tunnel to the same peer. The PPTP GRE packet format is non standard, including a new acknowledgement number field replacing the typical routing field in the GRE header. However, as in a normal GRE connection ...
In conjunction with PPTP to create VPNs.; In conjunction with IPsec VPNs to allow passing of routing information between connected networks.; In mobility management protocols.; In A8/A10 interfaces to encapsulate IP data to/from Packet Control Function (PCF).
Endpoint ID (EID): An EID is an IPv4 or IPv6 address used in the source and destination address fields of the first (most inner) LISP header of a packet. Egress Tunnel Router (ETR) : An ETR is a device that is the tunnel endpoint; it accepts an IP packet where the destination address in the "outer" IP header is one of its own RLOCs.
In computer networks, a tunneling protocol is a communication protocol which allows for the movement of data from one network to another. They can, for example, allow private network communications to be sent across a public network (such as the Internet), or for one network protocol to be carried over an incompatible network, through a process called encapsulation.
Split tunneling is a computer networking concept which allows a user to access dissimilar security domains like a public network (e.g., the Internet) and a local area network or wide area network at the same time, using the same or different network connections.
The port numbers in the range from 0 to 1023 (0 to 2 10 − 1) are the well-known ports or system ports. [3] They are used by system processes that provide widely used types of network services. On Unix-like operating systems, a process must execute with superuser privileges to be able to bind a network socket to an IP address using one of the ...
A proxy server may reside on the user's local computer, or at any point between the user's computer and destination servers on the Internet.A proxy server that passes unmodified requests and responses is usually called a gateway or sometimes a tunneling proxy.
NGFWs include the typical functions of traditional firewalls such as packet filtering, [4] network- and port-address translation (NAT), stateful inspection, and virtual private network (VPN) support. The goal of next-generation firewalls is to include more layers of the OSI model , improving filtering of network traffic that is dependent on the ...