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Adams–Stokes syndrome, Stokes–Adams syndrome, Gerbec–Morgagni–Adams–Stokes syndrome or GMAS syndrome is a periodic fainting spell in which there is intermittent complete heart block or other high-grade arrhythmia that results in loss of spontaneous circulation and inadequate blood flow to the brain.
Thus, the CHA 2 DS 2-VASc score is a refinement of CHADS 2 [8] [10] score and extends the latter by including additional common stroke risk factors, that is, age 65–74, female gender and vascular disease. [11] In the CHA 2 DS 2-VASc score, 'age 75 and above' also has extra weight, with 2 points.
This sinus rhythm is important because it ensures that the heart's atria reliably contract before the ventricles, ensuring as optimal stroke volume and cardiac output. [ 4 ] In junctional rhythm, however, the sinoatrial node does not control the heart's rhythm – this can happen in the case of a block in conduction somewhere along the pathway ...
Ashman phenomenon, also known as Ashman beats, describes a particular type of wide QRS complex that is typically, but not always seen in atrial fibrillation.It is a type of cardiac aberrancy and it is more often misinterpreted as a premature ventricular complex.
For TIC due to atrial fibrillation, rate control, rhythm control, and RF catheter ablation can be effective to control the tachyarrhythmia and improve left ventricular systolic function. [ 5 ] [ 9 ] For TIC due to atrial flutter, rate control is often difficult to achieve, and RF catheter ablation has a relatively high success rate with a low ...
Under ideal situations myoglobin will be filtered and excreted with the urine, but if too much myoglobin is released into the circulation or in case of kidney problems, it can occlude the kidneys' filtration system leading to acute tubular necrosis and acute kidney injury. Other causes of myoglobinuria include: McArdle's disease
In otherwise healthy patients, occasional single premature atrial contractions are a common finding and most of times do not indicate any particular health risk. Rarely, in patients with other underlying structural heart problems, PACs can trigger a more serious arrhythmia such as atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation. [10]
Cardiac symptoms of heart failure include chest pain/pressure and palpitations.Common noncardiac signs and symptoms of heart failure include loss of appetite, nausea, weight loss, bloating, fatigue, weakness, low urine output, waking up at night to urinate, and cerebral symptoms of varying severity, ranging from anxiety to memory impairment and confusion.