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The siege of Sardis, 19th-century engraving The Sardis citadel, seen from the west Cyrus had issued orders for Croesus to be spared, and the latter was hauled a captive before his exulting foe. Cyrus' first intentions to burn Croesus alive on a pyre were soon diverted by the impulse of mercy for a fallen foe and, according to ancient versions ...
Sardis (/ ˈ s ɑːr d ɪ s / SAR-diss) or Sardes (/ ˈ s ɑːr d iː s / SAR-deess; Lydian: 𐤮𐤱𐤠𐤭𐤣, romanized: Sfard; Ancient Greek: Σάρδεις, romanized: Sárdeis; Old Persian: Sparda) was an ancient city best known as the capital of the Lydian Empire.
The lower city then caught on fire, Herodotus suggests accidentally, which quickly spread. The Persians in the citadel, being surrounded by a burning city, emerged into the market-place of Sardis, where they fought with the Greeks, forcing them back. The Greeks, demoralised, then retreated from the city, and began to make their way back to Ephesus.
Sardis was where all the troops of Xerxes stationed during the winter of 481-480 BC to prepare for the invasion of Greece. [2] [3] Achaemenid Era silver shekel made in Sardis between 500 and 450 BC showing a warrior-king holding a bow and a lance. Coinage of Tiribazos, Satrap of Lydia, with Ahuramazda on the obverse. c. 388 — 380 BC.
In ancient maritime history, [2] evidence of maritime trade between civilizations dates back at least five millennia. Egyptians had trade routes through the Red Sea, importing spices from the "Land of Punt" and from Arabia, [3] [4] and the Sumerians traded with the Indus Valley civilization around the same time.
Siege of Sardis may refer to: Siege of Sardis (547 BC) , the last decisive conflict after the Battle of Thymbra, which was fought between the forces of Croesus of Lydia and Cyrus the Great Siege of Sardis (498 BC) between the people of Sardis and an alliance of Greeks from Ionia, Athens, and Eretria
The Medean Empire turned out to be short lived (c. 625 – 549 BC). By 550 BC, the Median Empire of eastern Anatolia, which had existed for barely a hundred years, was suddenly torn apart by a Persian rebellion in 553 BC under Cyrus II (Cyrus the Great c. 600 BC or 576–530 BC), overthrowing his grandfather Astyages (585–550 BC) in 550 BC.
Despite the arrival of winter, Cyrus continued his march on Sardis. [11] The dispersal of Croesus' army exposed Lydia to the unexpected winter campaign of Cyrus, who almost immediately followed Croesus back to Sardis. [11] The rival kings fought again at the Battle of Thymbra, before Sardis, which ended in a decisive victory for Cyrus the Great ...