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For most non-electrolytes dissolved in water, the van 't Hoff factor is essentially 1. For most ionic compounds dissolved in water, the van 't Hoff factor is equal to the number of discrete ions in a formula unit of the substance. This is true for ideal solutions only, as occasionally ion pairing occurs in solution. At a given instant a small ...
Electrolytic capacitors with non-solid electrolytes show a broader aberration over frequency and temperature ranges than do capacitors with solid electrolytes. The basic unit of an electrolytic capacitor's capacitance is the microfarad (μF).
Molten salts can also be electrolytes as, for example, when sodium chloride is molten, the liquid conducts electricity. In particular, ionic liquids, which are molten salts with melting points below 100 °C, [15] are a type of highly conductive non-aqueous electrolytes and thus have found more and more applications in fuel cells and batteries. [16]
m is known as the limiting molar conductivity, K is an empirical constant, and c is the electrolyte concentration. ("Limiting" here means "at the limit of the infinite dilution".) In effect, the observed conductivity of a strong electrolyte becomes directly proportional to concentration at sufficiently low concentrations, i.e. when
A supporting electrolyte, in electrochemistry, according to an IUPAC definition, [1] is an electrolyte containing chemical species that are not electroactive (within the range of potentials used) and which has an ionic strength and conductivity much larger than those due to the electroactive species added to the electrolyte.
An electrolyte acts as the cathode of electrolytic capacitors. There are many different electrolytes in use. Generally, the electrolytes will be distinguished into two species, non-solid and solid electrolytes. Non-solid electrolytes are a liquid medium whose conductivity is ionic. The oxide layer may be destroyed if the polarity of the applied ...
The osmolytes are neutral non-electrolytes, except in bacteria that can tolerate salts. [6] In humans, osmolytes are of particular importance in the renal medulla. [8] Osmolytes are present in the cells of fish, and function to protect the cells from water pressure.
The time required depends generally on the electrolyte. Solid electrolytes drop faster than non-solid electrolytes but remain at a slightly higher level. The leakage current in non-solid electrolytic capacitors as well as in manganese oxide solid tantalum capacitors decreases with voltage-connected time due to self-healing effects.