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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are organic compounds that have a high vapor pressure at room temperature. [1] They are common and exist in a variety of settings and products, not limited to house mold , upholstered furniture , arts and crafts supplies, dry cleaned clothing, and cleaning supplies . [ 2 ]
In the US, dimethyl carbonate was exempted under the definition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by the U.S. EPA in 2009. [9] Due to its classification as VOC exempt, dimethyl carbonate has grown in popularity and applications as a replacement for methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and other solvents.
The stability and lipophilicity of organic compounds often correlates with their halogen content, thus polyhalogenated organic compounds are of particular concern. [1] They exert their negative effects on the environment through two processes: long range transport, which allows them to travel far from their source, and bioaccumulation, which ...
respiration – (biology) uptake by a living organism of oxygen from the air (or water) which is then used to oxidise organic matter or food. The outputs of this oxidation are usually CO 2 and H 2 O; the metabolic process by which organisms meet their internal energy needs and release CO 2 .
Plant communication encompasses communication using volatile organic compounds, electrical signaling, and common mycorrhizal networks between plants and a host of other organisms such as soil microbes, [2] other plants [3] (of the same or other species), animals, [4] insects, [5] and fungi. [6]
Non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) are a set of organic compounds that are typically photochemically reactive in the atmosphere—marked by the exclusion of methane. [1] NMVOCs include a large variety of chemically different compounds, such as benzene , ethanol , formaldehyde , cyclohexane , 1,1,1-trichloroethane and acetone . [ 2 ]
For example, ellagic acid is a dimer of gallic acid and forms the class of ellagitannins, or a catechin and a gallocatechin can combine to form the red compound theaflavin, a process that also results in the large class of brown thearubigins in tea.
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) emitted by plants serve as a significant SOA precursor. BVOCs are oxidized by the hydroxyl radical during the day or nitrate (NO 3) at night. Anthropogenically emitted volatile organic compounds , such as aromatics from fossil fuel combustion, can also be oxidized by such regimes. Oxidation products ...