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The linguistic prehistory of the western Himalayas: endangered minority languages as a window to the past. Presented at Panel on Endangered Languages and Historical Linguistics, 23rd International Conference on Historical Linguistics (ICHL 23), San Antonio, Texas. Widmer, Manuel. 2018. The linguistic prehistory of the western Himalayas.
Most spoken languages, Ethnologue, 2025 [6] Language Family Branch First-language (L1) speakers Second-language (L2) speakers Total speakers (L1+L2) English (excl. creole languages) Indo-European: Germanic: 390 million 1.1 billion 1.5 billion Mandarin Chinese (incl. Standard Chinese, but excl. other varieties) Sino-Tibetan: Sinitic: 990 million ...
Most languages natively spoken in Africa belong to one of the two large language families that dominate the continent: Afroasiatic, or Niger–Congo. Another hundred belong to smaller families such as Ubangian, Nilotic, Saharan, and the various families previously grouped under the umbrella term Khoisan. In addition, the languages of Africa ...
Central African Republic: French & Sango (both official) [2] and 50 other African languages. Chad: French and Arabic (both official) [3] + more than 100 African languages. Democratic Republic of the Congo: French (official) + Lingala, Kongo, Swahili & Tshiluba (national languages) [4] + 238 other languages.
Many diverse Tibeto-Burman languages are spoken on the southern slopes of the Himalayas. Sizable groups that have been identified are the West Himalayish languages of Himachal Pradesh and western Nepal, the Tamangic languages of western Nepal, including Tamang with one million speakers, and the Kiranti languages of eastern Nepal. The remaining ...
Languages such as Sarazi, Bhaderwahi and Padder-Pangwali have been influenced heavily by Kashmiri language and also influenced the Kashmiri language spoken in this region. These languages form a dialect chain, and neighboring varieties may be mutually intelligible. Some Western Pahari languages have occasionally been regarded as dialects of ...
The closely related Loloish languages are spoken by 9 million people in the mountains of western Sichuan, Yunnan, and nearby areas in northern Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam. [56] [49] The Tibetic languages are spoken by some 6 million people on the Tibetan Plateau and neighbouring areas in the Himalayas and western Sichuan. [57]
Yamphu language is a Kirati language spoken by the Kirat Yamphu people, a Kirati people of the Himalayas of Nepal. Tomyang (Chongka) is a recently discovered dialect spoken by only 20 people. Both it and Yamphe are distinct. Southern Yamphu is also considered to be Southern Kirat Lorung language. These varieties are all closely related.