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The Great Zimbabwe area was previously settled by the San dating back 100,000 years, [a] and by Bantu-speaking peoples from 150 BC who formed agricultural chiefdoms from the 4th century AD. [ 15 ] : 11–12 Between the 4th and the 7th centuries, communities of the Gokomere or Ziwa cultures farmed the valley, and mined and worked iron, but built ...
In the 13th century Great Zimbabwe was on the fringe of the Mapungubwe state. [10]: 55 From the 12th century, Great Zimbabwe wrestled with other settlements, such as Chivowa, for economic and political dominance in the Southern Zambezi Escarpment. Agriculture and cattle played a key role in developing a vital social network, and served to ...
Pottery belonging to a western stream of Bantu expansion (sometimes called Kalundu) has been found at sites in northeastern Zimbabwe, dating back to the seventh century. [10] The western stream originated in the same area as the eastern stream: both belong to the same style system, called by Phillipson [ 11 ] the Chifumbadze system, which has ...
The Rhodesian Bush War, also known as the Rhodesian Civil War, Second Chimurenga as well as the Zimbabwe War of Independence, [11] was a civil conflict from July 1964 to December 1979 [n 1] in the unrecognised country of Rhodesia (later Zimbabwe-Rhodesia and now Zimbabwe).
The fall of the Tolwa state linked to the coming of the Mutapa people from the north and to the Nguni incursions from the south. In the 1670s a new power arose on the Zimbabwean plateau led by a military ruler called the Changamire.
There have been many civilizations in Zimbabwe as is shown by the ancient stone structures at Khami, Great Zimbabwe, and Dhlo-Dhlo.The first major civilization to become established as the Mwene Mutapa (or Monomotapas), who was said to have built Great Zimbabwe, in the ruins of which was found the soapstone bird that features on the Zimbabwean flag.
The Great Zimbabwe site is now considered to have been built by ancestors of the Shona people between the 11th and the 15th centuries CE. [1] Mauch died as a result of a fall from the third floor window of a hotel in which he was living. It is uncertain whether the death was accidental or self-inflicted. [2]
After that and the Jameson Raid on the Transvaal, they did not trust him to the same extent. [1] Soon after the Jameson Raid, the Ndebele and Shona rose up in rebellion against the encroachment on their native lands by European settlers, a struggle known in Zimbabwe as the First Chimurenga. Europeans called it the Second Matabele War (1896–97).