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Carbon tetrachloride, also known by many other names (such as carbon tet for short and tetrachloromethane, also recognised by the IUPAC), is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CCl 4. It is a non-flammable, dense, colourless liquid with a "sweet" chloroform -like odour that can be detected at low levels.
CCL4 is a polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of approximately 8-10 kDa [10] arranged in a three-dimensional structure in the form of as symmetrical homodimer. Monomeric subunits in their secondary structure composed by a triple-stranded antiparallel sheet form in a Greek key structure on top of which lies an α-helix.
The wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties of organochlorides lead to a broad range of names, applications, and properties. Organochlorine compounds have wide use in many applications, though some are of profound environmental concern, with TCDD being one of the most notorious.
The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet for this chemical from a reliable source such as SIRI, and follow its directions. MSDS for carbon tetrachloride is available at Fisher Scientific.
The chloroform molecule can be viewed as a methane molecule with three hydrogen atoms replaced with three chlorine atoms, leaving a single hydrogen atom. The name "chloroform" is a portmanteau of terchloride (tertiary chloride, a trichloride) and formyle , an obsolete name for the methylylidene radical (CH) derived from formic acid .
The Wohl–Ziegler reaction [1] [2] is a chemical reaction that involves the allylic or benzylic bromination of hydrocarbons using an N-bromosuccinimide and a radical initiator. [3] Best yields are achieved with N-bromosuccinimide in carbon tetrachloride solvent. Several reviews have been published. [4] [5]
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) can turn into phosgene when exposed to heat in air. This was a problem as carbon tetrachloride is an effective fire suppressant and was formerly in widespread use in fire extinguishers. [15] There are reports of fatalities caused by its use to fight fires in confined spaces. [16]
1,1,1-Trichloroethane is a fairly potent greenhouse gas with a 100-year global warming potential of 169 relative to carbon dioxide. [18] This is nonetheless less than a tenth that of carbon tetrachloride — which it replaced as a solvent — due to its relatively short atmospheric lifetime of about 5 years.