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Gemstone irradiation is a process in which a gemstone is exposed to artificial radiation in order to enhance its optical properties. High levels of ionizing radiation can change the atomic structure of the gemstone's crystal lattice , which in turn alters the optical properties within it. [ 1 ]
Numbered clockwise from left bottom: (1) 2×2 mm initial; top row (2,3,4) irradiated by different doses of 2 MeV electrons; bottom right (5,6) irradiated by different doses and annealed at 800 °C. Sir William Crookes , a gem fancier as well as a chemist and physicist , was the first to discover radiation's effects on diamond color when in 1904 ...
The irradiation process is widely practiced in jewelry industry [12] and enabled the creation of gemstone colors that do not exist or are extremely rare in nature. [13] However, particularly when done in a nuclear reactor, the processes can make gemstones radioactive. Health risks related to the residual radioactivity of the treated gemstones ...
The irradiation process is widely practiced in jewelry industry [45] and enabled the creation of gemstone colors that do not exist or are extremely rare in nature. [46] However, particularly when done in a nuclear reactor , the processes can make gemstones radioactive.
Before buying any old gem, though, keep reading to uncover the 25 most popular gemstones—and their meanings. Agate “Agate is earthy, warm and rich,” Salzer says, noting that it exists in ...
Possible uses for electron irradiation include sterilization, alteration of gemstone colors, and cross-linking of polymers. Electron energies typically vary from the keV to MeV range, depending on the depth of penetration required. The irradiation dose is usually measured in grays but also in Mrads (1 Gy is equivalent to 100 rad).
Irradiation is almost impossible to detect in tourmalines, and does not, currently, affect the value. Heavily included tourmalines, such as rubellite and Brazilian paraiba, are sometimes clarity-enhanced. A clarity-enhanced tourmaline (especially the paraiba variety) is worth much less than an untreated gem of equal clarity. [23]
A missing 12-year-old boy has been found dead in Virginia Beach three days after he disappeared while going to a friend's house. An AMBER Alert for Juan Sebastian Mejia Acevedo was issued early on ...