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In chemistry, isomerization or isomerisation is the process in which a molecule, polyatomic ion or molecular fragment is transformed into an isomer with a different chemical structure. [1] Enolization is an example of isomerization, as is tautomerization .
Isomers do not necessarily share similar chemical or physical properties. Two main forms of isomerism are structural (or constitutional) isomerism, in which bonds between the atoms differ; and stereoisomerism (or spatial isomerism), in which the bonds are the same but the relative positions of the atoms differ. Isomeric relationships form a ...
The isomerization energy, for example, for converting from a stable cis isomer to the less stable trans isomer is greater than for the reverse reaction, explaining why in the absence of isomerases or an outside energy source such as ultraviolet radiation a given cis isomer tends to be present in greater amounts than the trans isomer.
The protein encoded by this gene is a dimeric enzyme that catalyzes the reversible isomerization of G6P and F6P. [12] [13] Since the reaction is reversible, its direction is determined by G6P and F6P concentrations. [9] glucose 6-phosphate ↔ fructose 6-phosphate. The protein has different functions inside and outside the cell.
Petroleum refinery in Anacortes, Washington, United States. Petroleum refining processes are the chemical engineering processes and other facilities used in petroleum refineries (also referred to as oil refineries) to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils.
Preparing for a big work presentation. Having a rocky period in a relationship. Dealing with a short-term illness. This type of insomnia often happens due to a specific stressor that crops up in ...
Very often, cis–trans stereoisomers contain double bonds or ring structures. In both cases the rotation of bonds is restricted or prevented. [4] When the substituent groups are oriented in the same direction, the diastereomer is referred to as cis, whereas when the substituents are oriented in opposing directions, the diastereomer is referred to as trans.
SPOILERS BELOW—do not scroll any further if you don't want the answer revealed. The New York Times. Today's Wordle Answer for #1331 on Sunday, February 9, 2025.