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Scopolamine, also known as hyoscine, [9] or Devil's Breath, [10] is a natural or synthetically produced tropane alkaloid and anticholinergic drug that is used as a medication to treat motion sickness [11] and postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Hyoscine butylbromide, also known as scopolamine butylbromide [4] and sold under the brandname Buscopan among others, [5] is an anticholinergic medication used to treat abdominal pain, esophageal spasms, bladder spasms, biliary colic, [6] and renal colic.
Duration of action: 30 to 60 min [5] ... (scopolamine), ... whose action inhibits accommodation to allow accurate refraction in children, ...
Scopolamine (Hyoscine) has anti-emetic activity and is, therefore, used to treat motion sickness. Antimuscarinics are also used as anti-parkinsonian drugs. In parkinsonism , there is imbalance between levels of acetylcholine and dopamine in the brain, involving both increased levels of acetylcholine and degeneration of dopaminergic pathways ...
The toxic berry of Atropa belladonna which contains the tropane deliriants scopolamine, atropine, and hyoscyamine.. Deliriants are a subclass of hallucinogen.The term was coined in the early 1980s to distinguish these drugs from psychedelics such as LSD and dissociatives such as ketamine, due to their primary effect of causing delirium, as opposed to the more lucid (i.e. rational thought is ...
Cholinergic blocking drugs are a group of drugs that block the action of acetylcholine (ACh), a neurotransmitter, in synapses of the cholinergic nervous system. [1] They block acetylcholine from binding to cholinergic receptors, namely the nicotinic and muscarinic receptors.
Hyoscyamine and scopolamine are present and labeled in the diagram. Hyoscyamine can be extracted from plants of the family Solanaceae , notably Datura stramonium . As hyoscyamine is a direct precursor in the plant biosynthesis of hyoscine , it is produced via the same metabolic pathway .
Meclizine has low bioavailability (22–32%) and a delayed onset to action in part due to its poor solubility in water (0.1 mg/ml) and gastrointestinal fluid. [1] In children it has been found that taking meclizine with food increases its bioavailability slightly. [24] It is metabolized in the liver by the CYP2D6 enzyme. [2]