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Belshazzar (Babylonian cuneiform: Bēl-šar-uṣur, [1] [2] meaning "Bel, protect the king"; [3] Hebrew: בֵּלְשַׁאצַּר Bēlšaʾṣṣar) was the son and crown prince of Nabonidus (r. 556 – 539 BC), the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire. Through his mother, he might have been a grandson of Nebuchadnezzar II (r.
Belshazzar was a coregent of Babylon who was killed at the capture of the city by the Persians. Belshazzar had been known only from the biblical Book of Daniel (chapters 5, 7–8) and from Xenophon’s Cyropaedia until 1854, when references to him were found in Babylonian cuneiform inscriptions.
Belshazzar (prince of Bel), the last king of Babylon and a son of Nebuchadnezzar. The miraculous appearance of the handwriting on the wall, the calling in of Daniel to interpret its meaning the prophecy of the overthrow of the kingdom, and Belshazsars death.
Belshazzar was the last king of ancient Babylon and is mentioned in Daniel 5. Belshazzar reigned for a short time during the life of Daniel the prophet. His name, meaning “Bel protect the king,” is a prayer to a Babylonian god; as his story shows, Bel was powerless to save this evil ruler.
Belshazzar is named as the king who was ruling in Babylon on the night the kingdom fell to the army of Cyrus the Great of Persia. In actual fact, he was co-regent with his father, Nabonidus, who ruled over Babylon for 17 years, from ca. 556–539 BC. The Harran Stela depicts King Nabonidus, Belshazzar’s father.
Was Belshazzar actually king of Babylon and was he murdered on the night that Babylon was conquered? A solution of the problem has depended largely on the premises of the scholars dealing with it.
King of Babylon mentioned in Dan. v. and viii. as the son of Nebuchadnezzar and as the last king before the advent of the Medes and Persians. The Greek form Βαλτάζαρ is used both for the Hebrew "Belshasar," or less accurately, ( ib. vii. 1), and for "Belteshazzar" ( , Dan. i. 7).