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Cerebral softening, also known as encephalomalacia, is a localized softening of the substance of the brain, due to bleeding or inflammation. Three varieties, distinguished by their color and representing different stages of the disease progress, are known respectively as red, yellow, and white softening.
Myelomalacia is a pathological term referring to the softening of the spinal cord. [1] Possible causes of myelomalacia include cervical myelopathy, hemorrhagic infarction, or acute injury, such as that caused by intervertebral disc extrusion.
Porencephaly is an extremely rare cephalic disorder involving encephalomalacia. [1] It is a neurological disorder of the central nervous system characterized by cysts or cavities within the cerebral hemisphere. [2] Porencephaly was termed by Heschl in 1859 to describe a cavity in the human brain. [3]
It is important to differentiate PVL from the following major white matter lesions in the cerebral hemispheres: edematous hemorrhagic leukoencephalopathy (OGL), telentsefalny gliosis (TG), diffuse leukomalacia (DFL), subcortical leukomalacia (SL), periventricular hemorrhagic infarction (PHI), intracerebral hemorrhage ( ICH), multicystic ...
[1] [4] The disease often gets worse over time and can result in dementia. [ 2 ] Most documented cases have occurred in athletes involved in striking -based combat sports , such as boxing , kickboxing , mixed martial arts , and contact sports such as rugby union , rugby league , American football , Australian rules football , professional ...
However, the prognosis of toxic leukoencephalopathy is typically slightly worse than that of PRES because toxic leukoencephalopathy is more likely to lead to ataxia, dementia, or coma. [ 4 ] Hypoglycemic encephalopathy is often seen in diabetics as a result to accidental overdose with the long-acting sulfonylurea drug group. [ 12 ]
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Focal and diffuse brain injury are ways to classify brain injury: focal injury occurs in a specific location, while diffuse injury occurs over a more widespread area.It is common for both focal and diffuse damage to occur as a result of the same event; many traumatic brain injuries have aspects of both focal and diffuse injury. [1]